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Turbine blades operating in transonic-supersonic regime develop a complex shock wave system at the trailing edge, a phenomenon that leads to unfavorable pressure perturbations downstream and can interact with other turbine stages. Understanding the fluid behavior of the area adjacent to the trailing edge is essential in order to determine the parameters that have influence on these pressure fluctuations. Colder flow, bled from the high-pressure compressor, is often purged at the trailing edge to cool the thin blade edges, affecting the flow behavior and modulating the intensity and angle of the shock waves system. However, this purge flow can sometimes generate non-symmetrical configurations due to a pressure difference that is provoked by the injected flow. In this work, a combination of RANS simulations and global stability analysis is employed to explain the physical reasons of this flow bifurcation. Analyzing the features that naturally appear in the flow and become dominant for some value of the parameters involved in the problem, an anti-symmetrical global mode, related to the sudden geometrical expansion of the trailing edge slot, is identified as the main mechanism that forces the changes in the flow topology.

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Graphene based conducting polymer composites have demonstrated remarkable potential in supercapacitors. Here we develop a facile one-step cyclic voltammetric codeposition method for the fabrication of a reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/conducting redox polymer composite film on a graphite paper (GP) substrate using graphene oxide (GO) and a redox dye N-methylthionine (NMTh) as precursors. The morphology, composition, and structure of the composite film were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The resulting composite film has a layered and encapsulated microstructure, large specific area, high electrical conductivity, and fast reversible redox activity. The as-prepared rGO/polymeric redox dye composite film shows high specific capacitances of 500 and 400 F g–1 at 0.5 and 10 A g–1 current densities, respectively, with a retention life of up to 93.0% over 1000 charge/discharge cycles at 0.5 A g–1. This coelectrodeposition may provide a promising method for the fabrication of graphene/other conducting redox polymer composites for energy storage application.

Chromosome 8, a medium-length euchromatic unit in humans that has an extraordinarily high mutation rate, can be detected not only in evolution but also in multiple mutant diseases, such as tumorigenesis, and further invasion/metastasis. The Chromosome-Centric Human Proteome Project of China systematically profiles the proteomes of three digestive organs (i.e., stomach, colon, and liver) and their corresponding carcinoma tissues/cell lines according to a chromosome organizational roadmap. By rigorous standards, we have identified 271 (38.7%), 330 (47.1%), and 325 (46.4%) of 701 chromosome 8-coded proteins from stomach, colon, and liver samples, respectively, in Swiss-Prot and observed a total coverage rate of up to 58.9% by 413 identified proteins. Using large-scale label-free proteome quantitation, we also found some 8p deficiencies, such as the presence of 8p21-p23 in tumorigenesis of the above-described digestive organs, which is in good agreement with previous reports. To our best knowledge, this is the first study to have verified these 8p deficiencies at the proteome level, complementing genome and transcriptome data.

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