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Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been demonstrated to be excellent hosts for metal nanostructures. Herein, a perspective of recent development achieved to control the location, composition, shape, and structure of the encapsulated metal nanostructures is provided. The interesting properties and potential applications of the designed metal@MOF composites as well as future challenges and opportunities in this field are also discussed.

Activation of the FOXM1 signaling pathway and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway is associated with poor prognosis in ovarian cancer. In this study, we demonstrated that P15 (KIAA0101) was significantly upregulated in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) and that high KIAA0101 expression was associated with poor prognosis. FOXM1 transcriptionally activated KIAA0101 to drive proliferation and metastasis of ovarian cancer cells. KIAA0101 activated the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway to inhibit cisplatin-induced apoptosis and autophagy in ovarian cancer cells resulting in cisplatin resistance. Thus, KIAA0101 was closely related to the FOXM1 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways. Collectively, these findings provide insights into the mechanisms of poor prognosis of ovarian cancer and have implications for the development of both predictive and therapeutic biomarkers for the treatment of ovarian cancer.

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Developing low-cost but efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalysts over whole pH values is a significant but daunting task for the large-scale application of electrochemical hydrogen production. Herein, we develop, for the first time, a scalable MOF-assisted strategy for the fabrication and microstructural optimization of multi-shelled hollow N-doped carbon nanosheet arrays with confined Co/CoP heterostructures on carbon cloth (Co/CoP@NC/CC) for boosting HER performances. The key to this strategy is the step-by-step epitaxial growth of unprecedented multilayer ZIF-L arrays on carbon cloth, which are subsequently pyrolyzed and controllably phosphorized to achieve the precise control over the shell number and nanoarchitectures of the Co/CoP@NC/CC. Impressively, the HER performances can be significantly enhanced by increasing hollow shell number, and the optimal triple-shelled hollow Co/CoP@NC/CC exhibits low overpotentials of 86, 78 and 145 mV in acidic, alkaline and neutral media to deliver a current density of 10 mA cm −2 , respectively, ranking as one of the best Co-based HER electrocatalysts over whole pH values. Further DFT calculations suggest that the Co/CoP heterostructures can effectively boost the cleavage of H-OH to generate protons and optimize the adsorption energy of hydrogen (ΔG H* ), which, together with the large electrode/electrolyte interface and accelerated charge/mass transfer of multi-shelled hollow array structure as well as the good conductivity and dispersity, are responsible for the remarkably improved HER performances. This study not only provides a new toolbox for enriching the family of multi-shelled nanoarchitecture materials, but also points out a general and effective route to develop highly efficient self-supported electrode materials for energy-related applications and beyond.

Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynaecologic malignancy. Although there are various subtypes of ovarian cancer, high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) accounts for 70% of ovarian cancer deaths. Chemoresistance is the primary reason for the unfavourable prognosis of HGSOC. Kallistatin (KAL), also known as SERPINA4, is part of the serpin family. Kallistatin has been discovered to exert multiple effects on angiogenesis, inflammation and tumour progression. However, the roles and clinical significance of kallistatin in HGSOC remain unclear. Here, we showed that kallistatin was significantly downregulated in HGSOC compared to normal fallopian tube (FT) tissues. Low expression of kallistatin was associated with unfavourable prognosis and platinum resistance in HGSOC. Overexpression of kallistatin significantly inhibited proliferation and metastasis, and enhanced platinum sensitivity and apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that kallistatin serves as a prognostic predictor and provide a potential therapeutic target for HGSOC.