Objective. Colon cancer (CC) shows a gradual increasing incidence in recent years, and chemotherapy is a frequently adopted treatment for patients with middle or advanced colon cancer (ACC), but it lacks prognostic markers after CC. Methods. The changes of lncRNA CASC9 in 58 patients with CC were determined using a real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) assay before and after chemotherapy, and the correlation of serum lncRNA CASC9 with efficacy of FOLFOX4 regimen (oxaliplatin + calcium folinate + fluorouracil) was analyzed. The patients were followed up to understand the association of lncRNA CASC9 with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Results. Patients with CC showed notably higher lncRNA CASC9 expression than controls, and lncRNA CASC9 presented an association with the clinical stage of the patients. In addition, lncRNA CASC9 demonstrated a clinical value in predicting efficacy on patients and acted as one independent prognostic factor for PFS in patients with ACC. Conclusions. With increased expression of serum lncRNA CASC9, patients with ACC suffered an unfavorable chemotherapy effect. In addition, serum lncRNA CASC9 is a promising sensitive indicator for prediction of ACC and is related to the clinical efficacy and prognosis of patients.
BackgroundAPC2 is as a homolog of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) that has comparable functions in cancer, and is located on chromosome 19p13.3. It is an important signaling pathway protein in many cancers and diseases. For example, in ovarian cancer, APC2 serves as an important tumor suppressor through the induction of the WNT signaling pathway, inhibiting tumor invasion and growth. In colorectal cancer, APC2 was shown to be an important protein for inhibiting tumor invasion and metastasis. In the present study, APC2 was shown to be an important regulatory pathway protein that cooperates with microRNA bidirectional regulation to induce phenotypic changes in colorectal cancer.MethodsThrough measurements in colorectal cancer tissue samples (RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry), we found that the APC2 gene may play a role in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer patients. We selected colorectal cancer cell lines as the research carrier of the APC2 gene. We changed the expression of APC2 gene in colorectal cancer cell lines by silencing the APC2 gene and up-regulating the APC2 gene, and then used cell cycle, MTT and western blot methods to measure its possible effects on colorectal cancer mechanisms.ResultWe found that the expression of APC2 in normal mucosal tissues in colorectal cancer tissues is was than that of matched colorectal cancer tissues, both at the protein and mRNA levels. We then tested colorectal cancer cell lines for gene silencing and up-regulation. We found that silencing the expression of the APC2 gene effectively advanced the cycle in colorectal cancer cells. In subsequent protein testing, we found that the proteins of the relevant cycle checkpoints changed accordingly. We found the opposite in cell lines after up-regulating the expression of the APC2 gene. By contrast, the SW480 cell line with k-ras mutation in the key pathway did not produce relevant changes by up-regulating the expression of the APC2 gene.ConclusionLow expression levels of the APC2 gene in colorectal cancer inhibit the progression of colorectal cancer cell lines through the RAS signaling pathway and hinders the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer.
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