The reversibility of metal anode is af undamental challenge to the lifetime of rechargeable batteries.T hough being widely employed in aqueous energy storage systems, metallic zinc suffers from dendrite formation that severely hinders its applications.H ere we report texturing Zn as an effective way to address the issue of zinc dendrite.Anin-plane oriented Zn texture with preferentially exposed (002) basal plane is demonstrated via as ulfonate anion-induced electrodeposition, noting no solid report on (002) textured Zn till now. Anion-induced reconstruction of zinc coordination is revealed to be responsible for the texture formation. Benchmarking against its (101) textured-counterpart by the conventional sulphate-based electrolyte,the Zn (002) texture enables highly reversible stripping/plating at ah igh current density of 10 mA cm À2 ,s howing its dendrite-free characteristics.T he Zn (002) texture-based aqueous zinc battery exhibits excellent cycling stability.T he developed anion texturing approach provides ap athwayt owards exploring zinc chemistry and prospering aqueous rechargeable batteries.

Zn solid-electrolyte interfaces enhance the cycle life for rechargeable zinc-ion batteries.ChemSusChem, 12(21), 4889-4900, which has been published in final form at

No abstract

A distinct hallmark of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the arrest of leukemic myeloblasts at an immature stage of development. Therapies that overcome differentiation arrest have emerged as a powerful strategy for treating AML, but targeting leukemia differentiation remains challenging, mainly because of an incomplete mechanistic understanding of the process. Here, we unveil a new role for cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) in blocking myeloid differentiation in AML. We show that among several interphase CDK, only CDK2 undergoes ubiquitin-dependent proteasome degradation, which is accompanied by AML cell differentiation. By using the yeast 2-hybrid system and functional analyses, KLHL6 was identified as a specific E3 ubiquitin ligase regulating the degradation of CDK2. Importantly, inhibiting CDK2, but not other cyclin-dependent kinases CDK1/4/6, effectively induced granulocytic differentiation in AML cell lines and 5 major subtypes of primary patient-derived AML samples. Mechanistically, CDK2 depletion led to the reactivation of differentiation pathway translation, and the differentiation blockade function of CDK2 may be achieved directly by maintaining the activity of PRDX2. Finally, CDK2 depletion arrested tumor growth of AML cells in nude mice and extended survival in both AML cell line and PDX-AML cells derived xenograft mouse models. Thus, our work not only provides experimental evidence for validating CDK2 as a potential therapeutic target for differentiation, but also uncovers the biological function of the CDK2-PRDX2 axis in blocking AML differentiation.

Emerging evidence indicates that M2-polarized tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) directly participate in tumor initiation, progression and metastasis. However, to date, few studies have investigated novel strategies for inhibiting TAMs in order to overcome osteosarcoma. In this study, we reported that M2 macrophages were enriched in osteosarcoma tissues from patients, and M2-polarized TAMs enhanced cancer initiation and stemness of osteosarcoma cells, thereby establishing M2-polarized TAMs as a therapeutic target for blocking osteosarcoma formation. We also found that all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) weakened TAM-induced osteosarcoma tumor formation by inhibiting M2 polarization of TAMs in vivo, and inhibited the colony formation, as well as sphereformation capacity of osteosarcoma cells promoted by M2-type macrophages in vitro. Furthermore, M2-type macrophages enhanced cancer stem cells (CSCs) properties as assessed by increasing the numbers of CD117 + Stro-1 + cells accompanied by the upregulation of CSC markers (CD133, CXCR4, Nanog, and Oct4), which could clearly be reduced by ATRA. Taken together, the results of this study demonstrated the role of M2-polarized TAMs in osteosarcoma initiation and stemness by activating CSCs, and indicated that ATRA treatment is a promising approach for treating osteosarcoma by preventing M2 polarization of TAMs.

To achieve semiconducting materials with high electron mobility in organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), low-lying energy levels (highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital ) and favourable molecular packing and ordering are two crucial factors. In this work, we report that the incorporation of pyridine and selenophene into the backbone of a diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)-based copolymer produces a high-electron-mobility semiconductor, PDPPy-Se. Compared with analogous polymers based on other DPP derivatives and selenophene, PDPPy-Se features a lower LUMO that could decrease the electron transfer barrier for more effective electron injection, and simultaneously a lower HOMO that, however, could increase the hole transfer barrier to suppress the hole injection. Combined with thermal annealing at 240 o C for thin film morphology optimization to achieve large-scale crystallite domains with tight molecular packing for effective charges transport along the conducting channel, OFET devices fabricated with PDPPy-Se behave an n-type-dominant performance with an electron mobility (µ e ) as high as 2.22 cm 2 V -1 s -1 and a hole/electron mobility ratio (µ h /µ e ) of 0.26. Overall, this study demonstrates a simple yet effective approach to boost the electron mobility in organic transistors by synergistic use of pyridine and selenophene in the backbone of a DPP-based copolymer.

The reversibility of metal anode is a fundamental challenge to the lifetime of rechargeable batteries. Though being widely employed in aqueous energy storage systems, metallic zinc suffers from dendrite formation that severely hinders its applications. Here we report texturing Zn as an effective way to address the issue of zinc dendrite. An in‐plane oriented Zn texture with preferentially exposed (002) basal plane is demonstrated via a sulfonate anion‐induced electrodeposition, noting no solid report on (002) textured Zn till now. Anion‐induced reconstruction of zinc coordination is revealed to be responsible for the texture formation. Benchmarking against its (101) textured‐counterpart by the conventional sulphate‐based electrolyte, the Zn (002) texture enables highly reversible stripping/plating at a high current density of 10 mA cm−2, showing its dendrite‐free characteristics. The Zn (002) texture‐based aqueous zinc battery exhibits excellent cycling stability. The developed anion texturing approach provides a pathway towards exploring zinc chemistry and prospering aqueous rechargeable batteries.

Background: A new type of epileptogenic tumor, the polymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumor of the young (PLNTY) was firstly reported by Jason T. Huse et al. at 2016. After that, only 1 case of PLNTY was reported by article. The radiological characteristics of PLNTY have not been concluded. The objective of our study was to report 3 cases of PLNTYs in details and to analyze the image characteristics and genetic alterations of PLNTYs by reviewing our cases and articles. Case presentation: There were 3 cases diagnosed as PLNTY by pathology in our hospital during the last 10 years, with the average age of 15. They were all suffered from different degrees of epilepsy. All of them underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and 2 of them underwent computer tomography (CT) imaging. The PLNTYs are all appearing as a solid or solid-cystic cortical mass with little mass effect and unclear boundary with normal brain tissue. They are all shown as hyperintensity in T2WI and iso−/hypointensity in T1WI with slight or no enhancement after contract enhanced in MR imaging. The "salt and pepper sign" in T2WI and grit calcification in CT images might be specific characteristics of PLNTY. All of them recovered after excision of the tumors. The gene tests revealed fibroblast growth factor receptors 3 (FGFR3)-TACC3 fusion and FGFR3 amplification in one case, and the B-Raf proto-oncogene (BRAF) V600E mutation in another case. Conclusion: In the image, the partial ill-marginated cortical mass with "salt and pepper sign" in T2WI or grit calcification in CT imaging might be the typical imaging characteristics of PLNTY. We also prove that the BRAF V600E mutation as well as the FGFR2 and FGFR3 have a close relationship with PLNTY.