Alkaline stress causes injuries to rice seedlings in many parts of the world and is therefore an important factor affecting rice production in such areas. In this study, we preliminarily located quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for survival days of seedlings (SDS) and the concentrations of Na+ and K+ in shoots (SNC and SKC) and roots (RNC and RKC) under alkaline stress using an F2:3 population, which was derived from a cross between Caidao and WD20342 with 151 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. A total of seven QTLs were detected. Of these QTLs, qSNC3 had the largest effect, which explained 21.24% of the total phenotypic and is a major QTL. Next, a mapping population consisting of 190 BC2F2 plants was constructed using WD20342 as a donor parent to verify qSNC3. As a result, qSNC3 was delimited to an 81.7‐kb region between markers RM1221 and RM4404. In this region, LOC_Os03 g62500 and LOC_Os03 g62620 exhibited different expression between Caidao and WD20342 under alkaline stress. These results provide a basis for identifying genes related to alkaline tolerance in rice.
The defects of conductive hydrogels, such as high internal friction, poor performance at freezing temperatures, and evaporation during long-term storage, restrict their application in wearable electronics.
Sustainable organohydrogel electronics have shown promise in resolving the electronic waste (e-waste) evoked by traditional chemical crosslinking hydrogels. Herein, thermoplastic-recycled gelatin/oxidized starch (OST)/glycerol/ZnCl 2 organohydrogels (GOGZs) were fabricated by introducing the anionic polyelectrolyte OST and solvent exchange strategy to construct noncovalently cross-linking networks. Benefiting from the electrostatic interaction and hydrogen and coordination bonds, GOGZ possessed triple-supramolecular interactions and a continuous ion transport pathway, which resulted in excellent thermoplasticity and high ionic conductivities and mechanical and antibacterial properties. Because of the thermally induced phase transition of gelatin, GOGZ exhibited isotropic-ionic conductivity with a positive temperature coefficient and realized intrinsic affinity with the activated carbon electrode for fabricating a double-layer structure supercapacitor. These novel features significantly decreased the impedance (3.71 Ω) and facilitated the flexible supercapacitors to achieve thermoenhanced performance with 4.89 Wh kg −1 energy density and 49.2 F g −1 specific mass capacitance at 65 °C. Fantastically, the GOGZ-based stress sensor exhibited a monolinear gauge factor (R 2 = 0.999) at its full-range strain (0 to 350%), and its sensitivity increased with the thermoplastic-recycled times. Consequently, this sustainable and temperature-sensitive sensor (−40 to 60 °C) could serve as health monitoring wearable devices with excellent reliability (R 2 = 0.999) at tiny strain. Moreover, GOGZ could achieve efficient self-enhancement by stretch-induced alignment. The sustained weighted load, tensile strength, and elongation at break of the stretch-induced GOGZ were 6 kg/g, 2.37 MPa, and 300%, respectively. This self-enhanced feature indicated that GOGZ can be utilized as an artificial muscle. Eventually, GOGZ obtained high intrinsic antibiosis (D inhibition circle > 25 mm) by a binding species (−COO − NH 3 + −) from COOH in OST and NH 2 in gelatin, freezing resistance, and water retention. In summary, this study provided an effective strategy to fabricate thermoplastic-recycled organohydrogels for multifunctional sustainable electronics with novel performance.
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