No abstract

No abstract

Given the limitations inherent in current intercalation‐based Li‐ion batteries, much research attention has focused on potential successors to Li‐ion batteries such as lithium–sulfur (Li‐S) batteries and lithium–oxygen (Li‐O2) batteries. In order to realize the potential of these batteries, the use of metallic lithium as the anode is essential. However, there are severe safety hazards associated with the growth of Li dendrites, and the formation of “dead Li” during cycles leads to the inevitable loss of active Li, which in the end is undoubtedly detrimental to the actual energy density of Li‐metal batteries. For Li‐metal batteries under practical conditions, a low negative/positive ratio (N/P ratio), a electrolyte/cathode ratio (E/C ratio) along with a high‐voltage cathode is prerequisite. In this Review, we summarize the development of new electrolyte systems for Li‐metal batteries under practical conditions, revisit the design criteria of advanced electrolytes for practical Li‐metal batteries and provide perspectives on future development of electrolytes for practical Li‐metal batteries.

Polymeric materials are used extensively, but their applications are limited because many of them are flammable. Therefore ways to make them flame retardant have received much attention. In this work, polypropylene (PP) was used as the matrix resin, aluminium hydroxide (Al(OH)3) and magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) as flame‐retardant additives and zinc borate (ZB) as a flame‐retardant synergist. PP/Al(OH)3/Mg(OH)2 and PP/Al(OH)3/Mg(OH)2/ZB flame‐retardant composites were prepared with a twin‐screw extruder. The flame‐retardant properties, i.e. oxygen index (OI), burning velocity and smoke density, of the composites were measured. The results showed that OI increased with an increase of the filler content and decreased with an increase of the filler particle diameter. The burning velocity decreased with an increase of the filler content, while it first increased and then decreased with an increase of the filler particle diameter. The smoke density decreased with an increase of the filler content and increased with an increase of the filler particle diameter. There was a flame‐retardant synergy between Al(OH)3/Mg(OH)2 and ZB in the composites, and the smoke suppression effect was marked when ZB was added. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract