Most untethered magnetic soft robots are controlled by a continuously applied magnetic field. The accuracy of their motion depends completely on the accuracy of external magnetic field, consequently any slight disturbance may cause a dramatic change. Here, we report a new structure and driven method design to achieve a novel magnetic soft robot, which can achieve accurate and stable locomotion with weakly dependence on the magnetic field. The robot consists of functional magnetic composite materials with one central transportation platform and four crawling arms, whose motion is mainly based on hyperelastic buckling and recovering of the arms. The robot is capable of cargo transportation with multimodal locomotion, such as crawling, climbing and turning with high adaptability to various surfaces. The robot consumes much less driven energy compared to conventional magnetic robots. Moreover, we develop theoretical and numerical models to rationally design the precisely controlled robot. Our study shows applications in terms of transportation functions, such as for optical path adjustments and photographic tasks in complex circumstances. This work also provides new ideas on how to utilize nonlinear deformation more efficiently, one could combine the benefits for both the flexible electronics and actuation applications.
To enhance the performance of electrochemical capacitor, the nanostructured carbon materials with large surface area, appropriate pore distributions, suitable electronic conductivity and perfect chemical stability are pursued. Herein, the highly graphitized hierarchical porous carbon with well-defined porosity are fabricated. For the first time, the novel bicontinuous nanoporous copper is used as both the template and the catalyst to synthesize the porous carbon materials. The asprepared porous carbon demonstrates a high specific surface area of 1826 m 2 g À 1 benefitting from the bicontinuous nanoporous copper template and KOH activation. By electrochemical test, the nanoporous carbon material displays a specific capacitance of 210 F g À 1 at a current density of 0.2 A g À 1 within 6 M KOH aqueous solution. The material demonstrates excellent cycling stability with a 95.4% capacity retention for 10 000 cycles with a current density of 1 A g À 1 . The present work provides a facile approach for fabrication of carbon-based electrode materials for electrochemical capacitors.
For many applications as structured packing material, the micron size spherical silica particles with the bicontinuous mesoporous structures are required. Herein, we report a facile route to synthesize the micron size nearly spherical mesoporous silica (MSNSMS) particles. The chitosan is crucial in the synthesis strategy as an adjuvant agent to facilitate the formation of the micron size nearly spherical particles. The MSNSMS particles demonstrate narrow mesopore and particle size distributions with the average particle sizes at 3.6 μm (MSNSMS‐0.5) or 4.7 μm (MSNSMS‐1). The MSNSMS samples possess the large ordered domains of pure bicontinuous mesoporous structure with the interpenetrating cylindrical pores at about 8 nm in diameter. The MSNSMS particles are promising structured packing material candidate for catalyst support applications.
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