After restrictive guidelines regarding GBCA administration were instituted, no new cases of NSF were identified among 52,954 contrast-enhanced MR examinations, including those performed in patients with an eGFR lower than 60 mL/min/m(2).

In recent years, the shrinkage of Poyang Lake, the largest freshwater lake in China, has raised concerns for society. The regulation of the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) has been argued to be a cause of the depletion of the lake by previous studies. However, over the past few decades, the lake’s surface water dynamic has remained poorly characterized, especially before the regulation of the TGD (2003). By calculating the inundation frequency with an index- and pixel-based water detection algorithm on Google Earth Engine (GEE), this study explored the spatial–temporal variation of the lake during 1988–2016 and compared the differences in Poyang Lake’s water body between the pre- and post-TGD periods. The year-long water body area of the lake has shown a significant decreasing trend over the past 29 years and has shifted to a smaller regime since 2006. The inundation frequency of the lake has also generally decreased since 2003, particularly at the central part of the lake, and the effects of this trend have been most severe in the spring and autumn seasons. The lake’s area has shown significant correlation with the precipitation of the Poyang Lake Basin on an inner-annual scale. The drivers of and relevant factors relating to the inter-annual variation of the lake’s surface water should be further investigated in the future.

Purpose Evaluate 18F-fluoroestradiol (FES) PET/CT as a biomarker of estrogen receptor (ER) occupancy and/or downregulation during phase I dose escalation of the novel ER targeting therapeutic GDC-0810, and help select drug dosage for subsequent clinical trials. Experimental Design In a phase I clinical trial of GDC-0810, patients with ER-positive metastatic breast cancer underwent FES PET/CT before beginning therapy and at cycle 2, day 3 of GDC-0810 therapy. Up to five target lesions were selected per patient, and FES SUV corrected for background was recorded for each lesion pre-therapy and on-therapy. Complete ER downregulation was defined as ≥ 90% decrease in FES SUV. The effect of prior tamoxifen and fulvestrant therapy on FES SUV was assessed. Results Of 30 patients who underwent paired FES-PET scans, 24 (80%) achieved ≥ 90% decrease in FES avidity, including 1 of 3 patients receiving 200 mg/day, 2 of 4 patients receiving 400 mg/day, 14 of 16 patients receiving 600 mg/day, and 7 of 7 patients receiving 800 mg/day. Withdrawal of tamoxifen two months prior to FES PET/CT and withdrawal of fulvestrant six months prior to FES PET/CT both appeared sufficient to prevent effects on FES SUV. A dosage of 600 mg GDC-0810 per day was selected for phase II in part due to decreases in FES SUV achieved in phase I. Conclusion FES PET/CT was a useful biomarker of ER occupancy and/or downregulation in a phase I dose escalation trial of GDC-0810 and helped select the dosage of the ER antagonist/degrader for phase II trials.

MET-PET scanning shows a significant decrease in metabolic signal at 1 month after chemoradiation compared with the immediate postoperative period, even when T2/fluid-attenuated inversion recovery changed little. MGMT promoter methylation status further predicts differential metabolic responses. MET-PET may be a useful tool for delineation of radiation targets and assessment of response.

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive large B-cell lymphoma is a rare large B-cell lymphoma subtype that is characterized by a plasmablastic phenotype and an ALK gene fusion. ALK-positive large B-cell lymphoma is resistant to the first-generation ALK inhibitor crizotinib and uniformly fatal with few if any complete responses in the relapsed setting, where no long-term survivors have been reported in the literature. No standard therapies exist for patients with relapsed or refractory disease, and its rarity and lethality have precluded prospective clinical research. Herein, we report the generation of the first ALK-positive large B-cell lymphoma patient-derived xenograft model, in which we show that next-generation ALK inhibitors are therapeutically active. On this basis, we administered the next-generation ALK inhibitor alectinib to four consecutive patients (three crizotinib-refractory). All four responded (two complete responses), one in ongoing remission after allogeneic transplantation >15 months. One with progressive disease was treated with lorlatinib and achieved complete response. These data support use of alectinib and lorlatinib as off-label therapeutic options for patients with relapsed or refractory ALK-positive large B-cell lymphoma.