Endometriosis (EM) is a common and benign estrogen-dependent gynecological disorder among women of reproductive age, and secondary dysmenorrhea is one of the more severe symptoms. However, the mechanism behind the development of dysmenorrhea is poorly understood, and there is a lack of effective methods for diagnosing and treating EM dysmenorrhea. In this regard, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has recently come into widespread use due to its limited adverse reactions and high efficiency. This review updates the progress of CAM in the treatment of EM dysmenorrhea and seeks to identify the therapeutic efficacy as well as the mechanisms behind these effects based on the available clinical and experimental studies. According to the literature, CAM therapy for EM dysmenorrhea, including herbs (herbal prescriptions, extracts, and patents), acupuncture, and Chinese herbal medicine enema (CHM enema), is effective for relieving dysmenorrhea with fewer unpleasant side effects when compared to hormonal and surgical treatments. In addition, we discuss and analyze the existing gaps in the literature. We hope to provide some instructive suggestions for clinical treatment and experimental research in the future.
The HLEMS (High Light Extraction Micro Structure)
technology could improve the light out‐coupling efficiency and
reduce the power consumption of OLED display, by modifying
parts of the light extraction paths through the redesign of micro
structures and the optimization of film refractive indexes. Ink and
OC nanocomposites with high refractive index are the key
materials to realize the HLEMS technology, their fabrications
and qualities of films are particularly important. In this work, the
curing processes and mechanisms of Ink and OC nanocomposites
were researched respectively. The film properties were
characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT‐
IR), dynamic thermal mechanical analyzer (DMA), and
ellipsometer. The refractive index of Ink nanocomposite is greater
than 1.67 @ 550nm, and the refractive index of OC
nanocomposite is greater than 1.70 @ 550nm.
Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is defined as a decline in ovarian function before the age of 40 and is one of the leading causes of infertility in women. The etiology is complex, and the pathogenesis is not clear. The main treatment is hormone replacement therapy, but a growing body of data confirms that such treatment can increase the risk of endometrial disease and cardiovascular disease. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has been widely used in patients with POI due to its limited adverse reactions and high efficiency. According to literature reports, CAM therapy for POI mainly includes traditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture, psychotherapy, dietary supplements, and exercise therapy. This article reviews the application of CAM in the treatment of POI and attempts to determine the therapeutic effects and the mechanisms behind these effects based on existing clinical and experimental studies in order to provide theoretical support for the treatment of POI.
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