Human vision system understands the environment from 3D perception. However, most existing saliency detection algorithms detect the salient foreground based on 2D image information. In this paper, we propose a saliency detection method using the additional depth information. In our method, saliency cues are provided to follow the laws of the visually salient stimuli in both color and depth spaces. Simultaneously, the 'center bias' is also extended to 'spatial' bias to represent the nature advantage in 3D image. In addition, We build a dataset to test our method and the experiments demonstrate that the depth information is useful for extracting the salient object from the complex scenes.

Increasing evidence suggests that abnormally hyperphosphorylated tau plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Mitochondrial dysfunction also has a recognized role in the pathophysiology of AD. In recent years, mitochondrial dysfunction has been strongly associated with tau pathology in AD. Overexpression of hyperphosphorylated and aggregated tau appears to damage the axonal transport, leading to abnormal mitochondrial distribution. In addition, pathological tau impairs mitochondrial dynamics by regulating mitochondrial fission/fusion proteins, and further causes mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal damage. Moreover, mitochondrial dysfunction is also involved in promoting tau pathology in AD. In this article, we evaluate the relationship between phosphorylated tau and mitochondrial dysfunction in AD.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The management of intracranial pseudoaneurysms is controversial. The purpose of this study was to provide a preliminary evaluation of the clinical efficacy of a Willis covered stent specially designed for the intracranial vasculature in the management of a pseudoaneurysm of the cranial internal carotid artery (CICA).

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The use of covered stents in intracranial vascular structures is a feasible method to treat selected cases of intracranial giant aneurysms. It is suggested that patients who present with compressive mass effect caused by large or giant aneurysms are the best candidates for covered stent placement, but potential complications should be considered carefully before the stenting procedure.

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The bacterial kinetics and quality indexes [sensory quality, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), thiobarbituric acid value, biogenic amine, and amino acids] were analyzed on salmon inoculated with during storage under different temperatures (30, 10, and 4 °C). The bacterial kinetics revealed that showed a steady growth at low temperatures (10 and 4 °C). The TVB-N yield factors of the sample stored at 4 °C indicated that each bacterial cell of displayed greater spoilage activity at low temperatures. A remarkable correlation was found between the production of biogenic amines and bacterial counts. The results also highlighted that cultured at 4 °C had higher demand for amino acids.

This study suggests a novel therapeutic effect of phCMF in treating infants with mild to moderate AD during the first 6 months of their life without affecting their nutritional status.