A new optical fiber humidity sensor with high sensitivity is reported. We effectively control the light-intensity changes in a smaller sensing area and achieve a significant increase in sensitivity by adjusting the depth of the evanescent field of the tapered fiber. The sensor is designed with an 8 µm diameter single-mode tapered fiber structure coated with a thickness of a 10 mm length carbomer layer in the tapered area. The average and maximum relative humidity (RH) sensitivities are 2.59 dB/%RH and 5.43 dB/%RH in the range of 68%–90%. To our best knowledge, the sensitivity of the sensor is highest compared with that of the previously reported. Moreover, the fast response time and recovery time of the sensor are ideal. In addition, the proposed humidity sensor has good repeatability and lower-temperature cross talk. Due to the excellent indicators, the proposed sensor has promising potential for highly sensitive RH sensing applications, especially early warning of special environments.
A new coupled fiber optic humidity sensor based on a double-tapered fiber twisted weakly coupled structure coated with a graphene oxide/polyvinyl alcohol (GO/PVA) film has been reported for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. The sensor adopts a
2
×
2
coupler structure with a waist diameter of 20 µm. The GO/PVA composite film is coated in the weakly coupled area to increase the sensitivity of the sensor. The thickness of the coating layer is about 3 µm. The sensor can realize linear sensing in the relative humidity (RH) range of 45%–85%RH with a dynamic response time of 1.9 s and a recovery time of 5.7 s. The sensitivity of the sensor is up to 0.002/%RH, and the linearity of the sensor is as high as 98.65%. Moreover, the sensor has good stability, reversibility, and low-temperature crosstalk.
Background
The overall situation of RNA epigenetics in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is still unclear. This study aims to investigate the expression level of m6A, m5C, m1A, m7G, adenosine-to-inosine, pseudouridine(ψ) modification-related molecules in peripheral blood of RA.
Methods
33 RA patients and 36 healthy donors (HD) were included in this study. Gene expression levels were detected by real time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Correlation analyses were performed by Pearson correlation test. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression (LASSO) regression and Logistic regression were used for seeking risk factors.
Results
The expression levels of METTL3, TET2, ADAR1 increased while ALKBH5, TRMT10C TRMT61B ALKBH3 ALYREF METTL1 decreased in RA patients. Analysis shown 47 weak correlations, 43 moderate correlations and 2 strong correlations existed among these molecules. Area under curve (AUC) of ALYREF and TET2 combined ROC was 0.976 which indicated them were the most valuable risk factors in RA. The expression of ALKBH3 and TRMT10C was higher in ESR-negative RA patients, while the expression of METTL1 and METTL3 was higher in RF-negative group or CRP-negative group respectively. Besides, the level of METTL3 and TRMT10C was increased in DAS-28-ESR. Furthermore, METTL3 level was negative related with the levels of RF and DAS28-ESR. The level of TRMT10C was negative with ESR and DAS-28-ESR levels, and ALKBH5 expression was positive related with CRP level. The differential expression genes were mostly correlated with PLT and MCHC of blood routine examination.
Conclusions
Our study constructed a network of six kinds of mRNA modifications in RA. We found multiple mRNA-modification-related genes were different expression between RA patients and HD. Complicated mutual relations existed among these genes. ALYREF and TET2 were the most valuable risk factors in RA. This work hopes to support a new perspective for clarifying pathogenic mechanism of RA.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.