With the rapidly increasing interests on wearable electronics over the past decades, the limited energy density and nondeformable configuration of conventional 2D lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have already become the dominant obstacles that are hindering the roads of wearable consumer electronics toward ubiquity. [1][2][3][4][5] Hence, it is urgent to develop an alternative highperformance flexible energy storage device to break through the inherent restrictions of rigid LIBs. [6][7][8] The Li-CO 2 battery, a newly conceptual metal-gas battery, has been considered as a promising candidate for the next-generation high-performance electrochemical energy storage system recently. [9,10] It possesses a high theoretical energy density via the four-electrons transfer reaction (4Li + + 3CO 2 + 4e − → 2Li 2 CO 3 + C, E° = 2.80 V vs Li + /Li) and provides a novel environmentally friendly approach to CO 2 fixing which is of great benefit to alleviate global warming. [11][12][13] Interestingly, the Li-CO 2 battery is also very attractive for aerospace exploration; for example, it may be a possible energy system for providing electricity on Mars where the atmosphere consists of 96% CO 2 gas. [14] In spite of the aforementioned favorable factors, very few reports in the literature related to flexible Li-CO 2 battery devices for wearable electronics have been reported so far. After systematical investigations, it is found that the main challenges of fabricating high-performance flexible Li-CO 2 battery devices lie in the following three aspects: (1) carbon nanophases (e.g., Ketjenblack, [9,10,15] CNTs, [11,16] graphene [17,18] ), which dominate those known Li-CO 2 battery catalysts, induce the formation of Li 2 CO 3 , a wide-bandgap insulator. [19,20] It results in a sluggish kinetics for CO 2 evolution so that a high charge potential of 4.2-4.6 V was commonly required to drive the degradation of Li 2 CO 3 in most previous Li-CO 2 batteries. [10,11,17] Such high potential not only increases the risk of electrolyte decomposition but also accelerates the oxidation of electrodes. [21,22] Meanwhile, originated from the incomplete decomposition, more and more solid carbonate species accumulated in the surface of cathode during cycling, leading to a distinct decrease on catalytic performance and even the rapid extension of impedance up to a "sudden death" of the battery. [20,23,24] Consequently, the majority of those reported Li-CO 2 batteries showed a negligibleThe rapid development of wearable electronics requires a revolution of power accessories regarding flexibility and energy density. The Li-CO 2 battery was recently proposed as a novel and promising candidate for nextgeneration energy-storage systems. However, the current Li-CO 2 batteries usually suffer from the difficulties of poor stability, low energy efficiency, and leakage of liquid electrolyte, and few flexible Li-CO 2 batteries for wearable electronics have been reported so far. Herein, a quasi-solidstate flexible fiber-shaped Li-CO 2 battery with low overpotential and ...

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Li–CO2 batteries are regarded as a promising candidate for the next‐generation high‐performance electrochemical energy storage system owing to their ultrahigh theoretical energy density and environmentally friendly CO2 fixation ability. Until now, the majority of reported catalysts for Li–CO2 batteries are in the powder state. Thus, the air electrodes are produced in 2D rigid bulk structure and their electrochemical properties are negatively influenced by binder. The nondeformable feature and unsatisfactory performance of the cathode have already become the main obstacles that hinder Li–CO2 batteries toward ubiquity for wearable electronics. In this work, for the first time, a flexible hybrid fiber is reported comprising highly surface‐wrinkled and N‐doped carbon nanotube (CNT) networks anchored on metal wire as the cathode integrated with high performance and high flexibility for fiber‐shaped Li–CO2 battery. It exhibits a large discharge capacity as high as 9292.3 mAh g−1, an improved cycling performance of 45 cycles, and a decent rate capability. A quasi‐solid‐state flexible fiber‐shaped Li–CO2 battery is constructed to illustrate the advantages on mechanical flexibility of this fiber‐shaped cathode. Experiments and theoretical simulations prove that those doped pyridinic nitrogen atoms play a critical role in facilitating the kinetics of CO2 reduction and evolution reaction, thereby enabling distinctly enhanced electrochemical performance.

Rationale: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder with a characteristic of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Ca 21 -activated Cl 2 [Cl (Ca) ] channels are inferred to be involved in AHR, yet their molecular nature and the cell type they act within to mediate this response remain unknown. Objectives: Transmembrane protein 16A (TMEM16A) and TMEM16B are Cl (Ca) channels, and activation of Cl (Ca) channels in airway smooth muscle (ASM) contributes to agonist-induced airway contraction. We hypothesized that Tmem16a and/or Tmem16b encode Cl (Ca) channels in ASM and mediate AHR. Methods:We assessed the expression of the TMEM16 family, and the effects of niflumic acid and benzbromarone on AHR and airway contraction, in an ovalbumin-sensitized mouse model of chronic asthma. We also cloned TMEM16A from ASM and examined the Cl 2 currents it produced in HEK293 cells. We further studied the impacts of TMEM16A deletion on Ca 21 agonist-induced cell shortening, and on Cl (Ca) (Ca) currents, and weakens caffeine-and methacholineinduced cell shortening. Conclusions: Tmem16a encodes Cl (Ca) channels in ASM and contributes to Ca 21 agonist-induced contraction. In addition, up-regulation of TMEM16A and its augmented activation contribute to AHR in an ovalbumin-sensitized mouse model of chronic asthma. TMEM16A may represent a potential therapeutic target for asthma.Keywords: TMEM16A; airway smooth muscle; airway hyperresponsiveness Asthma, affecting 300 million people worldwide, is characterized by chronic inflammation, mucus overproduction, reversible airway obstruction, and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). AHR is a heightened tendency to airway narrowing in response to nonspecific contractile agents, and underlies much of the pathology of asthmatic symptoms. Although intensively studied, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying AHR remain only partially understood and controversial. A number of studies have implied that Ca 21 -activated Cl 2 [Cl (Ca) ] channels are involved in AHR. Gene expression profile studies have consistently revealed that type 3 Cl (Ca) channels (mCLCA3) are highly upregulated in mouse models of asthma (1-6), and hCLCA1, the human counterpart of mCLCA3, is significantly more abundant in the airway epithelium of patients with asthma (4, 7, 8). Moreover, suppressing the expression of mCLCA3 or hCLCA1 by antisense or its function by niflumic acid, a relatively selective inhibitor of Cl (Ca) channels, prevents allergen-or helper T-cell type 2 (Th2) cytokine (e.g., IL-13)-induced mucus overproduction and AHR (5, 9-11). Not surprisingly, mCLCA3/hCLCA1 Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant 31272311) (to M.-S.Z.) and the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (Y2100346) (to H.L.), and by U.S. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute grant HL73875 (to R.Z.G.).Author Contributions: C.-H.Z., Y.L., W.Z., and H.L. performed research; B.D.H. provided TMEM16A null mice; L.M.L. performed data analysis and edited the paper; M.-S.Z. designed and supervised the stu...