Under the background of the global energy crisis and environmental issues, the efficient utilization of renewable energy as a kind of distributed energy resources, is paid more and more attention. However, the intermittency and unpredictability of the renewable energies limit its development and penetration. To deal with such a big challenge, the multi-source hybrid distributed energy system has been proposed. In this paper, the concept and characteristics of the multi-source hybrid distributed energy system are discussed. In addition, three main forms of the proposed innovation energy system are presents and compared.
In this paper, a distributed energy resource (DER) system plan and evaluation model is extended to include the design of district heating network. In the model, production and consumption of electric power and heat, power transmissions, transport of fuels to the production plants, transport of water in the district heating pipelines and storage of heat are taken into account. The problem is formulated as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model where the objective is to minimize the overall cost of the DER system. The solution gives the DER structure, i.e., which production units, heat transport lines and storages should be built as well as their locations, together with design parameters for plants and pipelines.
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