A novel AlGaInAs/InP electro-absorption modulated laser (EML) with a simple fabrication process is proposed, in which the electro-absorption modulator (EAM) has a 10 nm blueshift induced by quantum well intermixing (QWI) and is monolithically integrated with a sidewall grating distributed-feedback (DFB) laser working at 1.55 μm wavelength. The extent of the QWI process is characterized by a diffusion length. The quantum confined Stark effect (QCSE) is simulated in terms of extinction ratio (ER) and chirp for bias electric fields from 0 kV/cm to 200 kV/cm and for different amounts of intermixing. The results indicate that for a 150 µm-long EAM with a 10 nm blueshift induced by QWI, an ER of 40 dB is obtained at 2.5 V reverse bias with no penalty in chirp compared to an as-grown quantum well (QW) and the insertion loss at 0 V bias is 0.11 dB for 1.55 µm operation wavelength. The simulated –3 dB bandwidth of the electrical to optical power response is 22 GHz.

A four-laser array based on sampled Bragg grating distributed feedback (DFB) lasers in which each sampled period contains four phase-shift sections is proposed, fabricated, and experimentally demonstrated. The wavelength spacing between adjacent lasers is accurately controlled to 0.8 nm ± 0.026 nm and the lasers have single mode suppression ratios larger than 50 dB. Using an integrated semiconductor optical amplifier, the output power can reach 33 mW and the optical linewidth of the DFB lasers can be as narrow as 64 kHz. This laser array uses a ridge waveguide with sidewall gratings and needs only one metalorganic vapor-phase epitaxy (MOVPE) step and one III-V material etching process, simplifying the whole device fabrication process, and meeting the requirements of dense wavelength division multiplexing systems.

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We simulate and demonstrate experimentally an inner-wall grating double slot micro ring resonator (IG-DSMRR) with a center slot ring radius of only 6.72 µm based on the silicon-on-insulator platform. This novel photonic-integrated sensor for optical label-free biochemical analysis boosts the measured refractive index (RI) sensitivity in glucose solutions to 563 nm/RIU with the limit of detection value being 3.7 × 10−6 RIU (refractive index units). The concentration sensitivity for sodium chloride solutions can reach 981 pm/%, with a minimum concentration detection limit of 0.02%. Using the combination of DSMRR and IG, the detection range is enlarged significantly to 72.62 nm, three times the free spectral range of conventional slot micro ring resonators. The measured Q-factor is 1.6 × 104, and the straight strip and double slot waveguide transmission losses are 0.9 dB/cm and 20.2 dB/cm, respectively. This IG-DSMRR combines the advantages of a micro ring resonator, slot waveguide, and angular grating and is highly desirable for biochemical sensing in liquids and gases offering an ultra-high sensitivity and ultra-large measurement range. This is the first report of a fabricated and measured double-slot micro ring resonator with an inner sidewall grating structure.

Based on four-phase shifted sampled Bragg gratings, a stable dual-wavelength DFB laser array is reported with frequency separations of 240 GHz, 320 GHz, 640 GHz, 800 GHz, and 1000 GHz.