Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent cancer of the mouth, characterised by rapid progression and poor prognosis. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop predictive targets for early diagnosis, prognosis determination, and clinical therapy. Dysregulation of lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (LEF1), an important transcription factor involved in the Wnt-β-catenin pathway, contributes to poor prognosis of OSCC. Herein, we explored the correlation of LEF1 with Histone lysine demethylase 4A (KDM4A). We confirmed that the KDM4A complex was recruited by LEF1 and specifically bound to the promoter region of LATS2, thereby inhibiting its expression, and consequently promoting cell proliferation and impeding apoptosis in OSCC. Lastly, we established NOD/SCID mouse xenograft models using CAL-27 cells to conduct an in vivo analysis of the roles of LEF1 and KDM4A in tumour growth. Overall, the results of this study demonstrate that LEF1 plays a pivotal role in OSCC development and has potential to serve as a target for early diagnosis and treatment of OSCC.
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