This study seeks to examine the relationship between workplace ostracism and innovation behavior while considering the mediating role of knowledge hiding and organizational identification. The study also tests the moderating role of task interdependence in these relationships. The study collected data through structured questionnaires from 409 participants (i.e., employees) working in the small to medium-sized enterprise of big cities of China. The study adopted a structured equation modeling technique for data analysis. Significantly, the study results suggest that workplace ostracism is negatively associated with innovation behavior, both directly and indirectly via knowledge hiding and organizational identification. We also find that task interdependence weakens the positive relationship between workplace ostracism and knowledge hiding. Current study has tested the negative relationship between workplace ostracism and innovation behavior unlike most of the previous investigations that have focused on positive factors. Our study from a rational perspective to explore the influence mechanism between workplace ostracism and innovation behavior is addition to the previous research and the rich, in revelation managers motivate employees to implement knowledge sharing activities at the same time, pay attention to take measures to restrain negative knowledge such as knowledge hidden activities, to activate the creativity of organization staff of intellectual resources. This paper contributes to innovation behavior literature which is an important part of innovation management based on both conservation of resources theory and social network theory.
A scheme for monitoring icing on overhead transmission lines with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) strain sensors is designed and evaluated both theoretically and experimentally. The influences of temperature and wind are considered. The results of field experiments using simulated ice loading on windless days indicate that the scheme is capable of monitoring the icing thickness within 0–30 mm with an accuracy of ±1 mm, a load cell error of 0.0308v, a repeatability error of 0.3328v and a hysteresis error is 0.026%. To improve the measurement during windy weather, a correction factor is added to the effective gravity acceleration, and the absolute FBG strain is replaced by its statistical average.
Copper catalysts were widely developed for CO2 conversion, but suffered severe sintering at temperatures higher than 300 °C. Platinum was the most active and stable metal for RWGS reactions. However, the high price and scarcity of platinum restrained its application. Downsizing the metal particles can significantly improve the atom efficiency of the precious metal but the size effect of Pt on RWGS reactions was still unclear. In the present work, the single atomic Pt on SrTiO3 was prepared using an impregnation leaching method, and the catalyst showed significant activity for an RWGS reaction, achieving a CO2 conversion rate of 45%, a CO selectivity of 100% and a TOF of 0.643 s−1 at 500 °C. The structures of the catalysts were characterized using XRD, STEM and EXAFS. Especially, the size effect of Pt in RWGS was researched using in situ FTIR and DFT calculations. The results reveal that single Pt atoms are the most active species in RWGS via a “–COOH route” while larger Pt cluster and nanoparticles facilitate the further hydrogenation of CO. The reaction between formate and H* is the rate determination step of an RWGS reaction on a catalyst, in which the reaction barrier can be lowered from 1.54 eV on Pt clusters to 1.29 eV on a single atomic Pt.
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