When designing transformers, the system to which transformers are to be used, the electrical power to be transferred, and the continuity and safety of the system must be taken into consideration. Paired physical and mathematical models help to develop a system that is both accurate and easy to implement. In this study, a model was developed to determine the electromagnetic flux distribution, losses, and electromagnetic forces of the transformer. A thermal model was also developed to measure the heat generated and to determine the temperature distribution of the transformer. The performances of the proposed models were compared with the performance of the transformer, which was determined analytically, and the performance of the transformer was also determined experimentally and the results were confirmed. When the results were compared, it was seen that the proposed models gave more optimum results. In this way, electromagnetic flux, electromagnetic force, and thermal distribution at each point of the transformer can be easily determined. On the other hand, in this study, the windings and the core were optimized, the electromagnetic forces formed in the windings were calculated, the heat distribution in the winding and core was determined, the electrostatic field distributions were examined, and the problematic areas were determined. The thermal effects of the total losses of the transformer were investigated and optimum design parameters were determined. It was concluded that the methods proposed in this study were more practical than the methods reported in the literature.

No abstract

Transformatör tasarımına başlamadan önce, sıcaklık dağılımının ve termal sınırların bilinmesi doğru bir tasarım için büyük önem teşkil etmektedir. İzin verilen termal sınırların üzerindeki sıcaklık, transformatör bileşenlerinde ciddi hasara neden olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, termal alan analizi için bir model sunulmuştur. Bu sayede, transformatörün aktif kısımlarında meydana gelen ısıdan ortamın sıcaklığına kadar tüm koşullar esas alınarak birleştirilmiş elektromekanik Sonlu Elemanlar Yöntemi (SEY) tekniğine dayanan ANSYS@Maxwell ve ANSYS@Mechanical birleşimi simülasyon yazılımı ile üç fazlı bir transformatörün sıcaklık dağılımı ve termal alan analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Önerilen modeli doğrulamak için nominal değeri 15 MVA 33/11 kV olan bir transformatör seçilmiştir. Simülasyondan elde edilen değerler deneysel değerlerle karşılaştırılarak model ve sonuçlar doğrulanmıştır. Tasarlanan model sayesinde, transformatörün nüvesinde ve sargılarında meydana gelen sıcaklık dağılımı ve transformatörün sıcaklığı ölçülemeyen bölgelerindeki spesifik noktaların sıcaklığı belirlenmiştir.

The most basic electrical machine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy is synchronous machines. Synchronous machines can be operated at high speeds and low speeds for different power plants. In terms of system planning, it is important to examine the operating characteristics of the machine at idle and variable load conditions in these cycles. It is very important that generators, which are the basic components of turbines in power plants, have high efficiency when they are designed. While synchronous generators are being designed, many parameters that are compatible with each other must be arranged in an appropriate way. The efficiency of generators can vary greatly by changing very important parameters in the design. In this study, the analysis, design and analysis of the characteristic parameters of a synchronous generator are carried out with the ANSYS-Maxwell-Rmxprt integrated design and simulation program based on Finite Element Method (FEM). In this paper, parameters such as efficiency, induced voltage, phase currents and voltages and output torque of a three-phase synchronous machine were obtained depending on the electrical angle change.