Studies have documented that career exploration is significantly associated with CDSE, but how this association occurred is not clear yet. This study committed to clarifying the mechanism underlying the relationship between career exploration and CDSE by investigating the mediation effect of work volition and career adaptability among 586 pre-service kindergarten teachers. The participants are recruited from Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in northwest China, covering Han, Hui, and other minorities. They took part in a two-wave (6 months apart) longitudinal survey and reported on their career exploration at T1, work volition, career adaptability, and career decision self-efficacy (CDSE) at T2. Results showed that T1 career exploration is directly related to the T2 CDSE. Further, career exploration contributed to the CDSE through both the separated mediation path and the chained mediation path of T2 work volition and T2 career adaptability. The results suggest that individuals who engage in more career exploration activities are likely to have more confidence in their abilities to make career decisions over time, which was partially and serially explained by individuals’ perception of capacity despite constraints and greater self-regulatory strength. This study is a first attempt to deeply clarify the link between career exploration and CDSE, and the findings shed light on the independent and serial mediating effects of work volition and career adaptability. The implications and limitations are discussed.
The ocean, as one of the most important areas for human production and living, plays a vital role in transportation, food production, and energy supply. However, it is greatly desired to develop relevant advanced technologies to achieve efficient and safe ocean exploitation and utilization. The advanced triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), which can transform mechanical motion into electric energy to achieve the harvesting of related mechanical energy and obtain corresponding mechanical motion characteristics by the corresponding electronic signal, is a significant choice to develop the corresponding advanced technologies for marine exploitation. According to the application field, TENG based marine exploitation researches can be divided into three kinds of researching directions, which contain the in situ ocean energy harvesting, self‐powered ocean monitoring, and self‐powered marine electrochemical technologies. The latest representative research works, which are based on TENG technology for marine exploitation, are classified in detail and summarized comprehensively in this review. More importantly, the specific prospects of TENG in the marine exploitation are discussed in detail to promote future research.
Based on a cultural-historical perspective, where play is conceptualized as the creation of an imaginary situation, this study seeks to examine how scientific learning is fostered through collectively created imaginary situations during everyday family practices. This study forms part of a broader study, and in this paper the focus is on a three-year-old child and his family from Mainland China. A theoretical discussion of data collected reveals that a collectively created imaginary situation provides the conditions for a child's exploration of scientific phenomenon not directly observable (e.g. Earth rotation and revolution). A form of collectively supported scientific consciousness was realized through discussions, imagining and re-imagining of everyday objects as scientific phenomenon. Scientific laws, as the rules of the scientific play being enacted by the family, enabled the child to be both imagining and viscerally experiencing which cannot be seen. The findings contribute to understanding how families create playful conditions that support scientific learning in the early childhood period.
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