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Rapid tumor growth is dependent on the capability of tumor blood vessels and glycolysis to provide oxygen and nutrients. Tumor hypoxia is a common characteristic of many solid tumors, and it essentially happens when the growth of the tumor exceeds the concomitant angiogenesis. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) as the critical transcription factor in hypoxia regulation is activated to adapt to this hypoxia situation. Flavonoids, widely distributed in plants, comprise many polyphenolic secondary metabolites, possessing broadspectrum pharmacological activities, including their potentiality as anticancer agents. Due to their low toxicity, intense efforts have been made for investigating natural flavonoids and their derivatives that can be used as HIF-1α inhibitors for cancer therapy during the past few decades. In this review, we sum up the findings concerning the inhibition of HIF-1α by natural flavonoids in the last few years and propose the idea of designing tumor vascular and glycolytic multi-target inhibitors with HIF-1α as one of the targets.

A series of compounds bearing 3′,4′,5′‐trimethoxy module into the core structure of evodiamine were designed and synthesized. The synthesized compounds were screened in vitro for their antitumor potential. MTT results showed that compounds 14a–14c and 14i–14j had significant effects, with compound 14h being the most prominent, with an IC50 value of 3.3 ± 1.5 μM, which was lower than evodiamine and 5‐Fu. Subsequent experiments further confirmed that compound 14h could inhibit cell proliferation and migration, and induce G2/M phase arrest to inhibit the proliferation of HGC‐27 cells, which is consistent with the results of the cytotoxicity experiment. Besides, 14h could inhibit microtubule assembly and might kill tumor cells by inhibiting VEGF and glycolysis. All experimental results indicate that compound 14h might be a potential drug candidate for the treatment of gastric cancer and was worthy of further study.