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Multi-object tracking (MOT) aims at estimating bounding boxes and identities of objects in videos. Most methods obtain identities by associating detection boxes whose scores are higher than a threshold. The objects with low detection scores, e.g. occluded objects, are simply thrown away, which brings non-negligible true object missing and fragmented trajectories. To solve this problem, we present a simple, effective and generic association method, tracking by associating every detection box instead of only the high score ones. For the low score detection boxes, we utilize their similarities with tracklets to recover true objects and filter out the background detections. When applied to 9 different state-of-the-art trackers, our method achieves consistent improvement on IDF1 score ranging from 1 to 10 points. To put forwards the state-of-theart performance of MOT, we design a simple and strong tracker, named ByteTrack. For the first time, we achieve 80.3 MOTA, 77.3 IDF1 and 63.1 HOTA on the test set of MOT17 with 30 FPS running speed on a single V100 GPU. The source code, pre-trained models with deploy versions and tutorials of applying to other trackers are released at https://github.com/ifzhang/ByteTrack.

Several layer-structured vanadates of two-dimensional (2D) nanosheet morphologies have been investigated recently for flexible quasi-solid-state aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs), where one of the challenging issues is the poor electronic conductivity and mechanical stability especially in the cross-2D nanosheet direction, leading to insufficient rate capability and mechanical stability and shortened cycle life. Herein, we have devised a strategy of using one-dimensional (1D) carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to stitch zinc pyrovanadate (Zn3(OH)2V2O7·2H2O, CNT-stitched ZVO) 2D nanosheets that are directly grown on oxidized CNT fiber (CNT-stitched ZVO NSs@OCNT fiber). With the CNT-stitched 2D nanosheet structure, the open frameworks of ZVO provide required spacing for reversible Zn2+ (de)­intercalation, and the stitching CNTs offer the desperately needed electronic conductivity and mechanical robustness across the ZVO 2D nanosheets. As a result, the fiber-shaped quasi-solid-state ZIB, assembled using the CNT-stitched ZVO NSs@OCNT as the cathode and Zn NSs@CNT fiber (electrodeposited zinc nanosheets on CNT fiber) as the anode, demonstrates an ultrahigh rate capability (69.7% retention after a 100-fold increase in current density), an impressively stack volumetric energy density of 71.6 mWh cm–3, together with a long-term stability (88.6% retention after 2000 cycles). The present work proves the proof-of-concept of developing 2D nanosheets purposely stitched together by 1D conducting nanotubes/nanowires as a class of advanced cathodes for quasi-solid-state ZIBs in future portable electronics.

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