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We report herein the interaction of three ionic liquids, i.e., 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (11), 1-hexyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium chloride (16), and 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (17), with beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD). For 11 and 16, the 1:1 inclusion complexes were determined and the association constants were estimated through a competitive fluorescence method, conductivity, and (19)F NMR measurements. It was confirmed that the alkyl side chain on the imidazolium ring but not the imidazolium ring itself entered into the cavity of beta-CD. According to the association constants, the sequence of interaction strength of some ILs with beta-CD was obtained. We also found that the cation and the anion in 17 exhibited strong interactions with beta-CD simultaneously. Furthermore, a general interaction pattern of an IL with beta-CD was suggested.

Our study provides the global fingerprint of plasma microRNAs in AR rats and suggests that plasma miR-122 and miR-192 reflect liver injury, whereas miR-146a may associate with cellular rejection.

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We herein report a β-cyclodextrin-based secondary assembly (β-CD SA) obtained from an aqueous solution. It was found that the addition of a very small amount of organic molecule 2-phenyl-5-(4-diphenylyl) 1,3,4-oxadiazole (PBD) into an aqueous solution of 10 mM β-CD led to the formation of a micrometer-sized rodlike SA, which made the mixture turbid immediately. After careful characterization, the structure and the formation mechanism of the β-CD SA were suggested. PBD first induces β-CDs to form rigid nanotubes through head-to-head or tail-to-tail routes. Using the "solid" nanotubes as recrystallization centers, other β-CDs assembled to channel in the c axis direction and hexagonally aligned in the b axis direction, leading to the formation of a β-CD SA. In the β-CD SA, most of the β-CDs were not occupied by PBD. In the course of formation , intermolecular hydrogen-bonding plays a prominent role. The results reported herein would be helpful in constructing cyclodextrin-based architectures in water.

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