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This article demonstrates a significant broadband enhancement of light absorption and improvement of photon-generated-charge transfer in CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cells by incorporating plasmonic Au–Ag alloy popcorn-shaped nanoparticles (NPs).

The optical absorption enhancement in thin film organic solar cells (OSCs) with plasmonic metal nanoparticles (NPs) has been studied by means of finite element method with a three-dimension model. It is found that significant plasmonic enhancement of above 100% can be obtained by introducing Ag-NPs at the interface between P3HT:PCBM active layer and PEDOT:PSS anode layer. This enhancement is even larger than that with Ag-NPs totally embedded in the P3HT:PCBM active layer of thin film OSCs. Furthermore, the enhancement mechanism of Ag-NPs at different positions of thin film OSCs is investigated.

Aluminate garnet phosphors Ca2GdZr2(AlO4)3:Ce(3+) (CGZA:Ce(3+)) for solid-state white lighting sources are reported. The crystal structure and Mulliken bonding population of the CGZA:Ce(3+) have been analyzed. The larger 5d ((2)D) barycenter shift εc and smaller phenomenological parameter 10Dq of Ce(3+) in CGZA are related to the larger covalent character of Ce-O. The tuning spectral properties of the Ce(3+)-doped CGZA-based isostructural phosphors are presented. The splitting of cubic crystal field energy level (2)Eg in Ca2REZr2(AlO4)3:Ce(3+) (CREZA:Ce(3+)) (RE = Lu, Y, and Gd) increases as the radius of RE(3+) increases, and the splitting of (2)Eg may dominate the difference of spectroscopic red-shift D(A) in CREZA:Ce(3+). The splitting of the (2)Eg in CaGd2ZrSc(AlO4)3:Ce(3+) (CGZSA:Ce(3+)) phosphors increases seemly due to the decreasing of the covalent character of Ce-O. Thermal quenching properties of Ce(3+)-doped CGZA-based isostructural phosphors are also presented and analyzed. For CREZA:Ce(3+) phosphors, the increasing of the radius of RE(3+) results in an enhancement of thermal quenching. The quenching of CGZSA:Ce(3+) is obviously stronger mainly due to the smaller energy difference between the lowest 5d excited state and 4f ground state.