Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability for adults, which lacks effective treatments. Dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) exerts beneficial effects on ischemic stroke by attenuating neuron death and inflammation induced by microglial activation. However, the impact and mechanism of n-3 PUFAs on astrocyte function during stroke have not yet been well investigated. Our current study found that dietary n-3 PUFAs decreased the infarction volume and improved the neurofunction in the mice model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). Notably, n-3 PUFAs reduced the stroke-induced A1 astrocyte polarization both in vivo and in vitro. We have demonstrated that exogenous n-3 PUFAs attenuated mitochondrial oxidative stress and increased the mitophagy of astrocytes in the condition of hypoxia. Furthermore, we provided evidence that treatment with the mitochondrial-derived antioxidant, mito-TEMPO, abrogated the n-3 PUFA-mediated regulation of A1 astrocyte polarization upon hypoxia treatment. Together, this study highlighted that n-3 PUFAs prevent mitochondrial dysfunction, thereby limiting A1-specific astrocyte polarization and subsequently improving the neurological outcomes of mice with ischemic stroke.
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the roles of interleukin (IL)-17A in risk stratification and prognosis of patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SAKI). Methods: We enrolled 146 sepsis patients (84 non-SAKI and 62 SAKI patients) admitted to the emergency department from November 2020 to November 2021. Patients with SAKI were differentiated based on the severity of acute kidney injury. All clinical parameters were evaluated upon admission before administering antibiotic treatment. Inflammatory cytokines were assessed using flow cytometry and the Pylon 3D automated immunoassay system (ET Healthcare). In addition, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was utilized to determine the prognostic values of IL-17A in SAKI. Results: The levels of creatinine, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-17A, tumor necrosis factor alpha, C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin (PCT) were significantly higher in the SAKI group than in the non-SAKI group (p < 0.05). The level of IL-17A revealed significant differences among stages 1, 2, and 3 in SAKI patients (p < 0.05). The mean levels of PCT, IL-4, and IL-17A were significantly higher in the non-survival group than in the survival group in SAKI patients (p < 0.05). In addition, the area under the ROC curve of IL-17A was 0.811. Moreover, the IL-17A cutoff for differentiating survivors from non-survivors was 4.7 pg/mL, of which the sensitivity and specificity were 77.4% and 71.0%, respectively. Conclusion: Elevated levels of IL-17A could predict that SAKI patients are significantly prone to worsening kidney injury with higher mortality. The usefulness of IL-17A in treating SAKI requires further research.
Background: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) has a high incidence rate and high mortality. Heparin-binding protein (HBP) is correlated with the severity of CAP. Albumin (ALB) is correlated with its prognosis. However, the role of HBP and ALB together (HBP–ALB) in assessing the severity of CAP is unclear. This study investigates the correlation between HBP–ALB and the severity of CAP. Methods: A total of 91 patients with CAP admitted to the Emergency Department of Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, between March 1, 2021 and March 1, 2022 were enrolled. The patients were placed into two groups: mild CAP (mCAP; n = 69) and severe CAP (sCAP; n = 22). Patient characteristics and laboratory data were obtained. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the value of area under the curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the predictive values of both HBP and ALB. Results: The white blood cell (WBC) count, procalcitonin (PCT), HBP, creatinine (Cr), and D-dimer were higher in the sCAP group, while ALB was lower in the sCAP group (P < .05) than those of the mCAP group. The AUCs of WBC, PCT, HBP, and HBP–ALB were 0.674 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.544–0.803, P < .05), 0.677 (95% CI: 0.538–0.816, P <.05), 0.776(95% CI: 0.671–0.881, P < .05), and 0.805(95% CI: 0.692–0.918, P < .05). Conclusions: HBP–ALB has a higher predictive value than that of HBP, PCT, and WBC used alone for the early assessment of CAP.
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