In this paper, we empirically study the performance of the particle swarm optimizer (PSO). Four different benchmark functions with asymmetric initial range settings are selected as testing functions. The experimental results illustrate the advantages and disadvantages of the PSO. Under all the testing cases, the PSO always converges very quickly towards the optimal positions but may slow its convergence speed when it is near a minimum.Nevertheless, the experimental results show that the PSO is a promising optimization method and a new approach is suggested to improve PSO's performance near the optima, such as using an adaptive inertia weight.
Near-infrared upconversion chemodosimetry is a promising detection method by virtue of the frequency upconversion technique, which shows very high sensitivity and selectivity for the detection of Cu(2+) ions in vitro and in vivo. This method offers a new opportunity for noninvasive diagnosis of Wilson disease associated with Cu(2+) detection in clinical medicine.
RNA-based fluorescent
probes are currently limited by their low
selectivity toward RNA versus DNA, and low specificity to different
RNA structures. Poor membrane permeability is another defect of existing
fluorogenic RNA probes for intracellular imaging. In this work, a
naphthalimide derivative, probe 1, was developed for
the rapid and selective detection of intracellular rRNA (rRNA). Probe 1 exhibited a 32-fold fluorescent enhancement in response
to rRNA binding and showed desirable selectivity for rRNA versus DNA
and other nucleic acids in phosphate buffer at pH 7.2. Importantly,
probe 1 displayed excellent permeability of the nucleolus,
could be taken up in 1 min by four different cell lines, and may be
the fastest nucleolus dye. The excellent selectivity of probe 1 toward rRNA is attributed to the specific interaction between
the complicated 3D structures of rRNA, which was confirmed by quantum
calculations using molecular docking simulations. An appropriate lipophilic
balance in 1 with the hydrophilic amine group and hydrophobic
naphthalimide, as well as its high water solubility, guarantees the
high permeability of 1 in cell membranes and nucleolus
pores, compared to other analogues (e.g., probes 2–8 in this work). Furthermore, enlarged confocal laser micro
images of nucleoli and RNase digestion tests revealed that 1 remained highly selective toward rRNA, even for intracellular imaging.
As a live cell probe, 1 also exhibited better photostability
than the commercial RNA dye, SYTO RNA select.
We designed and synthesized a water-dispersible dye-sensitized upconversion nanocomposite with approximately 17 times enhancement of upconversion luminescence. The nanocomposite was successfully applied in lymphatic imaging for the first time as an application model.
This
work presents a polyene bridging strategy on Rhodamine-type
dye analogues (Rh824, Rh926, and Rh1029) for tuning absorption and
emission wavelengths from the first near-infrared window (NIR-I; 750–900
nm) to the unprecedented second near-infrared window (NIR-II; 1000–1700
nm). Phosphatidylcholine (PC) enclosures of the dyes improve water
solubility and triple the fluorescent quantum yields. The representative
NIR-II fluorophore Rh1029-PC presents significantly higher spatial
resolution, compared to NIR-I fluorophore Rh824-PC, when performing
in vivo vascular imaging. We construct a mouse vascular hemorrhage
model and apply Rh1029-PC as the angiography agent in NIR-II window
for the first time. The images show superior clarity of the hemorrhage
positions in the NIR-II window, suggesting the successful application
of the hybrid Rhodamine-derived dye in NIR-II fluorescent bioimaging.
Background
Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) has been widely used for diagnostic wedge resection of lung nodules. When VATS is performed for multiple lung nodules, preoperative localization for each target nodule is required. In this study, we evaluated the clinical effectiveness of computed tomography (CT)-guided simultaneous coil localization in one-stage VATS wedge resection for multiple lung nodules.
Methods
Between November 2015 to March 2018, 19 patients with multiple target nodules underwent CT-guided simultaneous coil localization and one-stage VATS resection at our center. Data on the technical success of simultaneous localization and wedge resection, complications, and pathological results were collected.
Results
A total of 43 nodules were localized. The localization was successfully achieved in 42 of 43 nodules (97.7%). The technique of simultaneous localization was successfully achieved in 18 of 19 patients (94.7%). Fifteen patients underwent unilateral lung localization and four patients underwent bilateral lung localization. Three patients (15.8%) experienced asymptomatic pneumothorax after localization. All patients successfully underwent one-stage wedge resection for all target nodules. The mean duration of one-stage VATS procedure was 171.8 ± 84.0 min. The mean volume of blood loss was 94.2 ± 58.0 mL. Three patients experienced pleural effusion after VATS. During a follow-up of 6–31 months (median 18 months), no patient developed new lung nodules or distant metastasis.
Conclusions
Preoperative simultaneous coil implantation is a safe and simple method for localization of multiple lung nodules. Simultaneous coil localization could effectively guide a one-stage VATS diagnostic wedge resection procedure.
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