In this study, we report a unique strategy that utilizes ZnO and ZnS microparticles and rods as fire-retardant materials when coated onto cotton fabrics. ZnO and ZnO/ZnS microparticles or rods were grown or adsorbed to the surface of cotton fibers. Properties such as heat release rate, total smoke release, and mass loss rate of the materials were tested using a cone calorimeter. ZnO and ZnO/ZnS rods were able to reduce the heat release rate and total smoke release from 118 kW/m 2 and 18.3 m 2 /m 2 to about 70.0 kW/m 2 and 6.00 m 2 /m 2 , respectively. The maximum average rate of heat emission and fire growth rate index, which is used to evaluate the fire spread rate, the size of the fire, and the propensity of fire development, were improved with these coatings and indicate that there are potential applications of these materials as fire retardants.

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The liquid crystal material with trifluoromethyl substitutent is a very important liquid crystal monomer to combine mixture in the application of display area. In this paper, a kind of liquid crystal material with trifluoromethyl substitutent was synthesized by traditional method of Sonogashira coupling reaction, the reaction mechanism and reaction conditions were then obtained. In addition, the synthesized compound was characterized by FT-IR and1H-NMR to confirm the consistent structure with target compound.

Gemini surfactants generally exhibit superior properties to those of their single-chain analogues with a similar chain length and head group, especially for gemini cationic surfactants. Gemini cationic surfactants have recently attracted considerable attention due to the increasing microbial resistance to common quaternary ammonium compounds. A novel symmetrical gemini cationic surfactant based onn-hexadecyldimethylamine was synthesized through epichlorohydrin andn-hexadecyldimethylamine as rude materials. The chemical structure of the product was confirmed using1H-NMR and FT-IR. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the surfactant toescherichia colirises to 100 ppm, and a higher concentration surely contributes to increase its effect, butstaphylococcus aureusis immune to this surfactant.

An important liquid crystal intermediate of 4'-Bromoethynyl-4-pentyl-biphenyl was synthesized by bromo-reaction using N-bromosuccinimide as brominating agent, 4-Ethynyl-4'- pentyl-biphenyl as raw material, benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as catalyst and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) as reaction solvent. The effects of reaction variables were systematically optimized to achieve product with yield as high as possible. Under the optimal synthesis condition, where the temperature was 80oC, the mol ratio between 4-Ethynyl-4'- pentyl-biphenyl and NBS was 1:2, the weight rate of BPO to 4-Ethynyl-4'-pentyl-biphenyl was 2.5%, and the reaction time was 8 h, the product attained the best yield of 93.1%.