T oc larify the influence of personality traits on the psychological acculturation of Chinese international students in Japan, the present study used three structuring questions: (a) What personality trait makes the students vulnerable to psychological distress? (b) What mediates between personality and psychological distress? (c) What buffers personality from psychological distress? The study examined personality traits (Harm-Avoidance, HA; and Self-Directedness, SD; two dimensions of the Temperament and Character Inventory), acculturation attitudes (integration, assimilation, separation, and marginalization), and the mental health (General Health Questionnaire (GHQ)-30) of 253 Chinese students in Japan (17-30 years of age) using self-report questionnaires. The hypotheses are: For the Chinese international students in Japan, (a) the individuals with high HA or low SD are more vulnerable to psychological distress; (b) the acculturation strategy mediates between personality (HA/SD) and mental health (GHQ); (c) social support can moderate the effect of personality on acculturation adaptation. The results show that the Chinese international students in Japan had higher GHQ scores compared to normative standards, and marginalization (a less adaptive strategy) was their second most preferred acculturation strategy, next to integration. Individuals with high HA or low SD were more likely to have am arginalization attitude and suffer from more psychological distress. The mediation effect of marginalization and the moderation effect of social support in life (SSL) between HA/SD and GHQ were confirmed. Most of the hypotheses were supported by the results. Explanations of these findings and their implication for acculturation adaptation are discussed. P our clarifier l'influence des traits de personnalite´sur l'acculturation psychologique des e´tudiants internationaux chinois au Japon, la pre´sente e´tude explorait le proble`me a`partir de trois questions de base :( a) quel trait de personnalite´rend les e´tudiants vulne´rables a`la de´tresse psychologique? (b) quels sont les me´canismes me´diateurs entre la personnalite´et la de´tresse psychologique? (c) qu'est-ce qui prote`ge la personnalited e la de´tresse psychologique? L'e´tude examinait les traits de personnalite´(e´vitement de la punition [É P] et auto-controˆle[ AC], deux dimensions de l'Inventaire du tempe´rament et du caracte`re [ITC]), les attitudes face a`l'acculturation (inte´gration, assimilation, se´paration et marginalisation) et la sante´mentale (Questionnaire de sante´ge´ne´rale [QSG]-30) chez 253 e´tudiants internationaux chinois se trouvant au Japon (17-30 ans), en utilisant des questionnaires auto-rapporte´s. Les hypothe`ses formule´es a`l'e´gard des e´tudiants chinois e´taient les suivantes : (a) les individus ayant un E´Pé leve´et un AC faible sont plus vulne´rables a`la de´tresse psychologique; (b) la strate´gie d'acculturation (marginalisation) joue un roˆlem e´diateur entre la personnalite´(É P/AC) et la santeḿ entale (QSG); (c) le soutien social ...

Using prompts to utilize language models to perform various downstream tasks, also known as prompt-based learning or prompt-learning, has lately gained significant success in comparison to the pre-train and fine-tune paradigm. Nonetheless, virtually all prompt-based methods are tokenlevel, meaning they all utilize GPT's left-to-right language model or BERT's masked language model to perform clozestyle tasks. In this paper, we attempt to accomplish several NLP tasks in the zero-shot scenario using a BERT original pre-training task abandoned by RoBERTa and other models-Next Sentence Prediction (NSP). Unlike token-level techniques, our sentence-level prompt-based method NSP-BERT does not need to fix the length of the prompt or the position to be predicted, allowing it to handle tasks such as entity linking with ease. Based on the characteristics of NSP-BERT, we offer several quick building templates for various downstream tasks. We suggest a two-stage prompt method for word sense disambiguation tasks in particular. Our strategies for mapping the labels significantly enhance the model's performance on sentence pair tasks. On the FewCLUE benchmark, our NSP-BERT outperforms other zero-shot methods on most of these tasks and comes close to the few-shot methods. 1

This study investigated the psychometric properties of the Japanese version of the WHOQOL-BREF among 10,693 community-based married Japanese men and women (4376 couples) who were either expecting or raising a child. Analyses of item-response distributions, internal consistency, criterion validity, and discriminant validity indicated that the scale had acceptable reliability and performed well in preliminary tests of validity. Furthermore, dyadic confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the theoretical factor structure was valid and similar across partners, suggesting that men and women define and value quality of life in a similar way.

Due to the prevalence of grandparents' co-parenting of children in China, this study aimed to examine its influence on young children's personality and adaptation. With the cooperation of a kindergarten in Shanghai, 530 parents of children 3-6 years of age were invited to answer the questionnaire after giving their consent, and 422 of the questionnaires were effective. Three factors were extracted by Exploratory Factor Analysis for children's temperament: Fearfulness in Strange Situations (FS), Intensity of Reaction (IR) and Pro-social Activity (PA). Two factors were examined for children's adaptation: Separation Anxiety in attending kindergarten (SA) and Anxious Preoccupied Attachment (APA, one of the insecure types for parent-child attachment relationship). The results show that the children raised by only parents had higher PA than those co-raised by grandparents and lower APA than those raised by only grandparents. Even after controlling for the influence from temperament and grades, the effect of parenting styles on APA was still significant. For Grade 1 children, the parenting style was also significantly related to children's temperament (IR).

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