Objective:To explore the relationship between dietary patterns and risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Chinese adults aged 45–59 years.Design:Dietary data were collected using a semi-quantitative FFQ. Factor analysis was used to identify the major dietary patterns. Logistic regression models were applied to clarify the association between dietary patterns and the risk of CKD.Setting:The present study population was a part of the population-based Nutrition and Health Study performed in the city of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, eastern China.Participants:A total of 2437 eligible participants (45–59 years) were enrolled in the present cross-sectional study from June 2015 to December 2016.Results:Three major dietary patterns were identified: ‘traditional southern Chinese’, ‘Western’ and ‘grains–vegetables’ patterns, collectively accounting for 25·6 % of variance in the diet. After adjustment for potential confounders, participants in the highest quartile of the Western pattern had greater odds for CKD (OR = 1·83, 95 % CI 1·21, 2·81; P < 0·05) than those in the lowest quartile. Compared with the lowest quartile of the grains–vegetables pattern, the highest quartile had lower odds for CKD (OR = 0·84, 95 % CI 0·77, 0·93; P < 0·05). In addition, there was no significant association between the traditional southern Chinese pattern and risk of CKD (P > 0·05).Conclusions:Our results suggest that the Western pattern is associated with an increased risk, whereas the grains–vegetables pattern is associated with a reduced risk for CKD. These findings can guide dietary interventions for the prevention of CKD in a middle-aged Chinese population.
Background A number of studies have reported the association between dietary patterns and the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD), however a consistent perspective hasn’t been established to date. Herein, we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies to assess the association between dietary patterns and CKD. Methods MEDLINE, EBSCO and references from eligible studies were searched for relevant articles published up to 9 May 2020 that examined the association of common dietary patterns and CKD. The heterogeneity among studies was assessed by Cochran’s Q test and I2 methods. Results Seventeen eligible studies, involving 149,958 participants, were included in our systematic review and meta-analysis. The highest compared with the lowest category of healthy dietary pattern was significantly associated with a lower risk of CKD (OR=0.69; CI: 0.57, 0.84; P=0.0001). A higher risk of CKD was shown for the highest compared with the lowest categories of Western-type dietary pattern (OR=1.86; CI: 1.21, 2.86; P=0.005). There were evidence of a lower risk of CKD in the highest compared with the lowest categories of light-moderate drinking pattern (OR=0.76; CI: 0.71, 0.81; P< 0.0001) and heavy drinking pattern (OR=0.67; CI: 0.56, 0.80; P< 0.0001). Conclusions The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis show that a healthy dietary pattern and alcohol drinking were associated with lower risk of CKD, whereas a Western-type dietary pattern was associated with higher risk of CKD.
Background: Information regarding dietary patterns associated with prediabetes in the Chinese population is lacking. The objective of the present study was to explore the association between major dietary patterns and the risk of prediabetes in a middle-aged Chinese population. Methods: A total of 1761 participants (aged 45 to 59 years) were recruited in Hangzhou city, the capital of Zhejiang Province, China from June 2015 to December 2016. Dietary information was obtained by interview using a 138-item, validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire(SQFFQ). Multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the associations between dietary patterns and the risk of prediabetes with adjustment of potential confounding variables. Results:Three dietary patterns were ascertained by factor analysis and labeled as traditional southern Chinese, Western, and grains-vegetables patterns. After controlling of the potential confounders, participants in the top quartile of the Western pattern scores had greater odds ratio(OR) for prediabetes (OR=1.54; 95% confidence interval(CI):1.068-2.059; P=0.025) than did those in the bottom quartile. Compared with those in the bottom quartile, participants in the top quartile of the grains-vegetables pattern scores had a lower OR for prediabetes(OR=0.83; 95% CI:0.747-0.965; P=0.03). Besides, no statistically significant association was observed in the association between the traditional southern Chinese pattern and prediabetes risk (P>0.05). Conclusions:The findings of this study showed that the Western pattern was associated with higher risk, and the grains-vegetables pattern was associated with lower risk of prediabetes. Future prospective studies are required to validate our findings.
Background Information regarding dietary patterns associated with prediabetes in the Chinese population is lacking. The objective of the present study was to explore the association between major dietary patterns and the risk of prediabetes in a middle-aged Chinese population. Methods A total of 1761 participants (aged 45 to 59 years) were recruited in Hangzhou city, the capital of Zhejiang Province, China from June 2015 to December 2016. Dietary information was obtained by interview using a 138-item, validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQFFQ). Multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the associations between dietary patterns and the risk of prediabetes with adjustment of potential confounding variables. Results Three dietary patterns were ascertained by factor analysis and labeled as traditional southern Chinese, Western, and grains-vegetables patterns. After controlling of the potential confounders, participants in the top quartile of the Western pattern scores had greater odds ratio (OR) for prediabetes (OR = 1.54; 95% confidence interval (CI):1.068–2.059; P = 0.025) than did those in the bottom quartile. Compared with those in the bottom quartile, participants in the top quartile of the grains-vegetables pattern scores had a lower OR for prediabetes (OR = 0.83; 95% CI:0.747–0.965; P = 0.03). Besides, no statistically significant association was observed in the association between the traditional southern Chinese pattern and prediabetes risk ( P > 0.05). Conclusions The findings of this study showed that the Western pattern was associated with higher risk, and the grains-vegetables pattern was associated with lower risk of prediabetes. Future prospective studies are required to validate our findings.
Data on the association between egg consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the Chinese population are scarce. In the present study, we aimed to examine the association between egg consumption and the risk of T2DM in a middle and elderly Chinese population. A total of 3298 subjects (1645 men and 1653 women) from the Nutrition and Health Survey (2015–2017) in Hangzhou city were selected for the final analysis. Egg consumption was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. All biochemical data and anthropometric measurements were collected following standardized procedures. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association between egg consumption and the risk of T2DM and the results were presented as odds ratios and 95% confidence interval (CI). Restricted cubic spline combined with logistic regression was used to explore the dose-response relationship between egg consumption and T2DM. Among 3298 subjects, 693 (21.0%) people had T2DM. Compared with participants who did not consume egg per week, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratios were 0.97 (95%CI : 0.78–1.21), 1.08 (95%CI : 0.91–1.06), 1.20 (95%CI : 0.94–1.55), 1.27 (95%CI : 0.99–1.68) in men (P > .05); 1.06 (95%CI : 0.81–1.37), 0.97 (95%CI : 0.78–1.21), 1.26 (95%CI : 0.99–1.59), 1.19 (0.92–1.54) in women (P > .05); 0.89 (95%CI : 0.79–1.04), 0.98 (95%CI : 0.91–1.06), 1.06 (95%CI : 0.87–1.30), 1.09 (95%CI : 0.88–1.34) in both men and women for egg consumption 0∼7, 7, 7∼14, and ≥14 eggs/week, respectively (P > .05). The dose-response curve showed that, with the increase of egg consumption, the risk of T2DM first increased and then decreased (P = .027). We found that the association between egg consumption and T2DM was nonlinear, and higher egg consumption was not associated with an elevated risk for T2DM in middle-aged and elderly Chinese. However, future prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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