Canine stifle joint osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by damage and degeneration of the articular cartilage and subchondral bone, bony hypertrophy at the margins, and synovial joint membrane changes. Non-invasive imaging modalities, such as digital radiography (DR), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), can be used to describe these changes. However, the value of MRI in diagnosing spontaneous canine OA and the comparison of different imaging modalities have seldom been addressed. This study compared multiple noninvasive imaging modalities in canine spontaneous stifle OA cases. Four client-owned dogs with five spontaneously affected OA stifle joints were recruited and underwent DR, CT, and MRI. Information on osteophytes/enthesophytes, ligament/tendon lesions, synovial effusion and membrane thickening, subchondral bone lesions, and meniscal and cartilage lesions were scored and compared. The results showed that MRI provides the most comprehensive and superior lesion detection sensitivity for ligament, meniscus, cartilage, and synovial effusions. DR provides adequate bony structure information, while CT provides the most delicate images of bony structure lesions. These imaging findings may provide further understanding of the disease and help clinicians draft a more precise treatment plan.
A 4-month old, male intact, mixed-breed dog was referred for sudden onset of regurgitation for two weeks. Thoracic radiographs revealed severe dilatation of esophagus with barium aspiration pneumonia. Idiopathic megaesophagus (IME) was diagnosed after serial laboratory, endoscopic and computed tomographic examinations. Symptomatic treatment including medication for pneumonia, feeding through percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube with upright feeding position was performed at first, but regurgitation persisted. Sildenafil (1[Formula: see text]mg/kg, PO, BID) was then administrated for two weeks and regurgitation remitted one day after. Sildenafil was then tapered to half dose (0.5[Formula: see text]mg/kg, PO, BID) for another two weeks. During following-up thoracic radiography on 10 days after sildenafil administration, the degree of esophagus dilation significantly reduced. The clinical sign was completely resolved without relapse for more than 300 days. Sildenafil was reported having inhibitory effect of canine gastric contraction without affecting gastric emptying time. This effect could ameliorate persisting regurgitation after using PEG feeding directly into the stomach while bypassing the esophagus.
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