Aim: To investigate the effects of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), an active compound in green tea, on prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 )-induced proliferation and migration, and the expression of prostanoid EP 1 receptors in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Methods: HCC cell line HepG2, human hepatoma cell lines MHCC-97L, MHCC-97H and human hepatocyte cell line L02 were used. Cell viability was analyzed using MTT assay. PGE 2 production was determined with immunoassay. Wound healing assay and transwell filter assay were employed to assess the extent of HCC cell migration. The expression of EP 1 receptor and Gq protein were examined using Western blot assay. Results: PGE 2 (4-40000 nmol/L) or the EP 1 receptor agonist ONO-DI-004 (400-4000 nmol/L) increased the viability and migration of HepG2 cells in concentration-dependent manners. EGCG (100 μg/mL) significantly inhibited the viability and migration of HepG2 cells induced by PGE 2 or ONO-DI-004. HepG2 cells secreted an abundant amount of PGE 2 into the medium, and EGCG (100 μg/mL) significantly inhibited the PGE 2 production and EP 1 receptor expression in HepG2 cells. EGCG (100 μg/mL) also inhibited the viability of MHCC-97L cells, but not that of MHCC-97H cells. Both EGCG (100 μg/mL) and EP 1 receptor antagonist ONO-8711 inhibited PGE 2 4 μmol/L and ONO-DI-004 400 nmol/L-induced growth and migration of HepG2 cells. Both EGCG (100 μg/mL) and ONO-8711 210 nmol/L inhibited PGE 2 -and ONO-DI-004-induced EP 1 expression. EGCG and ONO-8711 had synergistic effects in inhibiting EP 1 receptor expression. PGE 2 , ONO-DI-004, ONO-8711, and EGCG had no effects on Gq expression in HepG2 cells, respectively. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the anti-HCC effects of EGCG might be mediated, at least partially, through the suppressing EP 1 receptor expression and PGE 2 production.
Although the prognosis of lower-grade glioma (LGG) patients is better than others, outcomes are highly heterogeneous. Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation and 1p/19q codeletion status can identify patient subsets with different prognosis. However, in the era of precision medicine, there is still a lack of biomarkers that can accurately predict the individual prognosis of each patient. In this study, we found that most DNA damage response (DDR) genes were aberrantly expressed in LGG patients and were associated with their prognosis. Consequently, we developed an artificial neural network (ANN) model based on DDR genes to predict outcomes of LGG glioma patients. Then, we validated the predictive ability in an independent external dataset and found that the concordance indexes and area under time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves of the predict index (PI) calculated based on the model were superior to those of the mutation markers. Subgroup analyses demonstrated that the model could accurately identify patients with the same mutation status but different prognosis. Moreover, the model can also identify patients with favorable prognostic mutation status but poor prognosis or vice versa. Finally, we also found that the PI was associated with the mutation status and with the altered immune microenvironment. These results demonstrated that the ANN model can accurately predict outcomes of LGG patients and will contribute to individualized therapies. In addition, a web-based application program for the model was developed.
Background To find the relationship between prostaglandin E receptor 2 (EP 2 ) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients with regional lymph nodes metastasis (pN+) who had undergone curative resection, and to analyze them in the role of judging prognosis. Methods Sixty-three patients with ESCC who underwent attempted curative esophagectomy with lymph node metastasis were collected. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to analyse the expression of EP 2 and EGFR in tumor tissues. We analyzed the relationship between the two markers. Furthermore, we analyzed the role of EP 2 and EGFR in disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Results The expression rate of EP 2 and EGFR in this study were 73.0%, 85.7%, respectively. And the EP 2 status was closely related with the expression of EGFR in tumor tissues (χ 2 =0.260, P=0.011). The patients with EP 2 or EGFR positive expression had a shorter DFS and OS than the negative group. Further analysis found EGFR is an important prognostic factor for DFS and OS (P<0.001), the expression of EP 2 was related with PFS (P=0.048), but it was not an independent influencing factors for OS (P>0.05). Conclusions The expression of EP 2 and EGFR were high in tumor tissues of (pN+) ESCC, and they are playing a key role in the prognosis of ESCC patients with local lymph node metastases.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.