External magnetic field technology enhances microbial electrochemical reactions in biological processes. This study added Neodymium-Iron-Boron magnets to the outside of a double-chamber cubic microbial fuel cell (MFC) to explore the attractive or repulsive magnetic field effects at various intensities (0, 60, and 120 mT) on MFC performance. The results show that an extra 120 mT repulsive magnetic field can generate a peak power density of 144 mW/m 2 and a maximum current density of 1558 mA/m 2 . This value is 45 and 8 times higher, respectively, compared without adding the magnetic field. Moreover, adding 120 mT repulsive magnetic field can increase coulombic efficiency (CE) to 63.0%, which is higher than the CE of 25.9% without magnetic field addition. Taxonomy profiling classification results show that Geobacter and Pseudomonas, which can achieve e-pili and redox mediators, were the domain microorganism community. Magnetic fields enhance the electron movement efficiency through extracellular electron transfer mechanisms, including e-pili and redox mediators provided by the exoelectrogenic microorganism to enlarge the chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency and CE value as well as increase the electron transfer probability to the electrode.
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