Polypyrrole membranes containing luminescent counterions and probes enable the electrochemical modulation of luminescence, detection of ion transport, and assay of doping levels during switching of the polymer between the electronically conductive and insulating redox states to be carried out.
Dopant ion fluxes during the electrochemical reduction of polypyrrole perchlorate and polythiophene tetrafluoroborate thin films were measured at parts per billion sensitivity, and the polymer doping levels assayed via derivatization with 2,6-di-p-tolyl-4-phenylpyrylium reagent followed by extraction of the ion pair complex into chlorobenzene, and its detection by spectrofluorimetry.
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