In this study, conventional heating and microwave dielectric heating in the exhaust dyeing of poly(butylene terephtalate) fabrics with disperse dyes were studied in order to determine whether microwave heating could be used to increase the dyeability of poly(butylene terephtalate) fibre in shorter processing times and enable dyeings of adequate wet fastness to be obtained. Accordingly, the samples of 100% poly(butylene terephtalate) single jersey knitted fabric were dyed with CI Disperse Yellow 160 and CI Disperse Yellow 42, CI Disperse Red 177 and CI Disperse Red 91, CI Disperse Blue 79:1 and CI Disperse Blue 54 at 98°C with or without microwave dielectric heating. The colouristic properties, colour fastnesses and the tensile properties of the dyed fabrics were investigated and compared with each other. Microwave dielectric heating is regarded as a tool for 'green chemistry' and provides many advantages over conventional heating without any deterioration in the properties of the dyed materials. Microwave heat dyeing enhances the exhaustion and the fixation of dye, and good colour fastnesses and repeatability in dyeings are achieved in short heating times of the dyebath. Coloration Technology Society of Dyers and Colourists
In this work, organic cotton fabrics were dyed using barberry (Berberis vulgaris L.), dyer’s oak (Quercus infectoria Olivier) and dyer’s oak + barberry (Quercus infectoria Olivier + Berberis vulgaris L.) by microwave irradiation and conventional dyeing methods. They were used in equal percentages. The dyed fabrics were analyzed by different analytical and technical methods. Colouring compounds were analyzed in the dyed fabrics, dye extractions (before dyeing bath and after dyeing bath) by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode Array Detector (HPLC-DAD). Identified coloring compounds based on the dyestuff analysis were berberine, berberine derivative, phenolic acid, ellagic acid, ellegic acid derivatives, gallic acid and gallic acid derivative. Colour characteristics of all the dyed fabrics were measured by CIEL*a*b* spectrophotometer and pH values were determined by surface-pH meter. Scanning Electron Microscopy equipped with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer (SEM-EDX) was used for imaging and elemental analysis of the surfaces of the dyed organic cotton fabrics. The colouristic and colour fastness properties of the dyed fabrics were investigated and compared with each other. No damage was observed in the fabrics dyed by the microwave and conventional dyeing methods. Almost the same colour yields were obtained in both dyeings using different processing times. According to the analyses and test results, microwave irradiation method is very eligible compared to conventional dyeing methods, considering coloristic properties of dyed fabrics, time saving and the cost effectiveness wise.
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