Some skin diseases such as psoriasis and lichen planus, systemic diseases, circulatory disorders, malignancies, trauma, fungal pathogenic agents, or idiopathic causes are among the causes of color change and deformity in the nails. The most common infection of the nail is due to fungal agents. Onychomycosis (OM) is a fungal infection of the nail plate caused by dermatophytes, nondermatophyte molds (NDM), and yeasts. The incidence of onychomycosis is 5% worldwide. It is 4-20 times more common in toenails than in fingernails. 1 It has been reported that immunosuppressed patients, patients with diabetes mellitus, and patients

As a trauma type, "Burn" is one of the high-frequency accidents in the world. It is mostly caused by electricity, hot water, and chemical agents. A trauma can have acute effects on burns, skin, and other organ systems. These complications might be seen as myocardial infarction, thromboemboli, respiratory, and renal failure. In case of acute burns, the skin surface is severely destroyed. During this period, infection may develop on damaged skin. Therefore, in the treatment of burn wounds, protecting the damaged skin and multidisciplinary approaches are needed for preventing scar formation while healing process.

Background Acne vulgaris is one of the chronic skin diseases with bacterial and perifollicular inflammation in its etiology. In recent years, numerous studies have been conducted on hormones and food consumption, which are thought to affect this inflammation. Aims In this study, how effective various possible factors such as food consumption habits and anthropometric measurement are in the etiology and severity of acne was investigated in patients with acne. Materials and Methods A case‐control study was conducted including 53 acne vulgaris patients and 53 age‐, gender‐, and ethnicity‐matched controls. Each patient's acne score was calculated by a dermatologist ranging from 0‐44 points based on the Global Acne Grading System (GAGS) calculation. Dietary intake of milk and dairy products along with carbohydrate, fat, protein ratios and body mass index and body fat percentage were calculated. Statistical evaluation was carried out by calculating 95% confidence interval and prevalence rates between acne vulgaris and food categories. Results Cheese consumption was higher in the acne vulgaris group than in the control group, and there was a statistically significant difference.(P < .05) There was a statistically positive correlation between acne score and carbohydrate consumption (P < .01) and a statistically negative correlation between acne score and fat consumption. (P < .01). Conclusion In patients with acne vulgaris, it was observed that cheese consumption increased acne formation and carbohydrate consumption increased acne severity, while fat consumption did not increase acne severity.

Background: Rosacea is a common chronic inflammatory disorder affecting the facial skin. Objectives: Dermoscopy is a noninvasive procedure that is commonly used for the diagnosis of dermatological diseases. This article aims to determine the clinical and dermoscopic manifestations of the rosacea patients and the presence of the accompanying Demodex . Materials and Methods: The study evaluated 23 patients who were diagnosed with rosacea through clinical and dermoscopic findings. The patients were clinically and dermoscopically photographed and were classified according to the rosacea classification. The presence of Demodex was demonstrated both dermoscopically and through biopsy. Results: There were a total of 23 participants (17 females and 6 males). The ages of the participants ranged between 28 and 75, with an average of 49. Among the 23 participants, 14 were erythematotelangiectatic, 7 were papulopustular, and 2 were rhinophyma. A total of 12 participants (4 males and 8 females) had ocular involvement. The most common dermoscopic finding was a linear vascular structure. A total of 15 patients (11 females and 4 males) had the demodicosis finding. Conclusion: The diagnosis of rosacea and demodicosis through dermoscopic findings is as reliable as a biopsy and it has the advantage of being noninvasive.

Background:Lichen planus is a common mucocutaneous inflammatory skin disease with a multifactorial etiology. Cytokines have a key role in its pathogenesis. In our study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the disease severity and levels of the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) cytokine which was considered as a primary cytokine that initiates the cytotoxicity.Materials and Methods:A total of 34 patients with lichen planus who were 18 year or older and gender-matched healthy controls were included in the study. Serum TNF-α levels were measured by human TNF-α enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test kits and the values in the two groups were statistically compared.Results:The mean serum TNF-α levels were higher in the patient group than that in the control group. Serum TNF-α levels were not associated with oral mucosal involvement and gender. However, it was observed that the level of TNF-α was higher in older ages, both in patient and in control groups.Conclusion:It is thought that TNF-α, a proinflammatory cytokine, may have an important role in the pathogenesis of lichen planus.