Present work was aimed to develop an artificial neural networks (ANN) model to predict the polysaccharide-based biopolymer (Hylon VII starch) nanofiber diameter and classification of its quality (good, fair, and poor) as a function of polymer concentration, spinning distance, feed rate, and applied voltage during the electrospinning process. The relationship between diameter and its quality with process parameters is complex and nonlinear. The backpropagation algorithm was used to train the ANN model and achieved the classification accuracy, precision, and recall of 93.9%, 95.2%, and 95.2%, respectively. The average errors of the predicted fiber diameter for training and unseen testing data were found to be 0.05% and 2.6%, respectively. A stand-alone ANN software was designed to extract information on the electrospinning system from a small experimental database. It was successful in establishing the relationship between electrospinning process parameters and fiber quality and diameter. The yield of smaller diameter with good quality was favored by lower feed rate, lower polymer solution concentration, and higher applied voltage.
Transition metal sulfides have been considered a novel anode material for lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries (LIBs/SIBs). However, their practical applications have been limited by their relatively poor cyclic stabilities and low rate performances. This work synthesized carbon-coated nickel sulfide (NiS) composites with a core-shell structure for high-performance LIBs and SIBs by a solvothermal method. The one-step synthesis of nickel sulfide and carbon at a low temperature can affect the thin homogeneous carbon coating, the buffer volume, and the sulfur dissolution of NiS nanoparticles. Due to small particle size dominance, desirable structural flexibility, and core-shell architecture, the as-prepared nickel sulfide/carbon composites showed substantial enhancement in LIBs and SIBs. The nickel sulfide/carbon composite electrodes displayed a high reversible discharge capacity of around 500 and 360 mAh/g after 50 cycles for LIBs and SIBs. The prepared NiS anode materials deliver the enormous potential for developing huge lithium/sodium storage.
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