Cholelithiasis is a disease with increasing prevalence over the decades. Gallbladder drainage (GBD) is an alternative choice in critically ill patients who cannot tolerate early surgery for acute cholecystitis. In previous data, early or delayed cholecystectomy (CCY) leads to less recurrent biliary events (RBEs) comparing to using a wait‐and‐see strategy. We wondered if a subsequent CCY strategy after GBD can benefit patients with high surgical risk. This study aimed to explore the clinical outcome after percutaneous transhepatic GBD and risk factors for RBEs. We studied 180 adult acute cholecystitis patients who received percutaneous transhepatic GBD during index admission between July 2017 and December 2018 in Chung Shan Medical University Hospital and Changhua Christian Hospital after exclusion of patients died during the index admission or lost follow‐up within 30 days. We further divided these patients into those who received subsequent CCY within 2 months and those who received no CCY within 2 months. RBEs, mortality, and biliary event‐related mortality were compared. Multivariate analysis was applied to find the most important factors of RBE‐free survival. There were 8 cases (13.6%) in the subsequent CCY group that experienced recurrent biliary events, whereas 39 cases (32.2%) experienced recurrent biliary events in the no CCY within 2 months group. The proportion and average recurrent biliary events per person were all significantly lower in the subsequent CCY group. Although the overall mortality rate was higher in the group that had no CCY within 2 months (16.5% vs 5.1%), the RBE‐related mortality difference was insignificant. The most decisive factor to determine RBE‐free survival is whether there was a subsequent CCY or not (HR: 0.485, 95% CI: 0.250‐0.941, P = .032). We found that subsequent CCY can decrease further RBEs and improve RBE‐free survival in high‐risk patients with acute cholecystitis that accepted percutaneous transhepatic GBD initially.
Background and Aims: Cholelithiasis is a disease with increasing prevalence over the decades. Gallbladder drainage is an alternative choice in critically ill patients who cannot tolerate early surgery for acute cholecystitis. In previous data, early or delayed cholecystectomy leads to less recurrent biliary events comparing to using a wait-and-see strategy. We wondered if the subsequent cholecystectomy strategy is the most important factor to improve recurrent biliary event-free survival after gallbladder drainage. The present study aimed to explore the most important factor to improve the clinical outcome after percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage.Methods: We studied 211 adult acute cholecystitis patients who received percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage during index admission between July 2017 and December 2018 in Chung Shan Medical University Hospital and Changhua Christian Hospital. Patients who died during the index admission or lost follow-up within 30 days were excluded. We further divided these patients into those who received subsequent cholecystectomy within 2 months and those who received no cholecystectomy within 2 months. Recurrent biliary events, mortality and biliary event-related mortality were compared. Multivariate analysis was applied to find the most important factors of recurrent biliary event-free survival.Results: There were 8 cases (13.6%) in the subsequent cholecystectomy group that experienced recurrent biliary events, while 39 cases (32.2%) experienced recurrent biliary events in the no cholecystectomy within 2 months group. The proportion and average recurrent biliary events per person were all significantly lower in the subsequent cholecystectomy group. The recurrent biliary event-related mortality difference is insignificant. The most decisive factor to determine recurrent biliary event-free survival is whether a subsequent cholecystectomy performed or not (HR:0.485, 95% CI: 0.250-0.941, p=0.032).Conclusion: Subsequent cholecystectomy can decrease further recurrent biliary events and improve recurrent biliary event-free survival in high risk patients with acute cholecystitis that accepted percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage initially.
Most cases of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) manifest with chronic gastrointestinal bleeding. On occasion, the bleeding is acute and life-threatening. We describe an uncommon case in which an exophytic gastric GIST with active bleeding mimicked ectopic variceal bleeding. It was treated successfully with endoscopic sclerotherapy.
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