Nucleophilic phosphine catalysis is a practical and powerful synthetic tool for the synthesis of various heterocyclic compounds with the advantages of environmental-friendly, metal-free, and mild reaction conditions. The present report...

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In evidence-based medicine, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the preferred method for evaluating the efficacy of interventions. In regard to acupuncture RCTs, the most difficult issues are the design of the control group and implementation of the principle of “double-blinding.” We compared the advantages and limitations associated with different control group designs in acupuncture RCTs, to assist researchers in this field.

The aim of the paper is to construct nonlocal reversespace nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) hierarchies through nonlocal group reductions of eigenvalue problems and generate their inverse scattering transforms and soliton solutions. The inverse scattering problems are formulated by Riemann-Hilbert problems which determine generalized matrix Jost eigenfunctions. The Sokhotski-Plemelj formula is used to transform the Riemann-Hilbert problems into Gelfand-Levitan-Marchenko type integral equations. A solution formulation to special Riemann-Hilbert problems with the identity jump matrix, corresponding to the reflectionless transforms, is presented and applied to-soliton solutions of the nonlocal NLS hierarchies.

In this paper, via the elementary Darboux transformation, we study the nonsingular localized wave solutions of the partially parity-time [Formula: see text] symmetric nonlocal Davey–Stewartson I equation with zero background. In addition to the common dromion and line-soliton solutions, we obtain some new localized wave solutions including the periodical-soliton, quasi-line-soliton and defected-line-soliton solutions. Meanwhile, we give the exact nonsingular parametric conditions for the derived solutions to display different localized wave structures. In addition, we discuss the dynamical behavior of the obtained nonlinear localized wave solutions with graphical illustration.

With the square eigenfunctions symmetry constraint, we introduce a new extended matrix KP hierarchy and its Lax representation from the matrix KP hierarchy by adding a new τ B flow. The extended KP hierarchy contains two time series t A and τ B and eigenfunctions and adjoint eigenfunctions as components. The extended matrix KP hierarchy and its t A -reduction and τ B reduction include two types of matrix KP hierarchy with self-consistent sources and two types of (1+1)-dimensional reduced matrix KP hierarchy with self-consistent sources. In particular, the first type and second type of the 2+1 AKNS equation and the Davey-Stewartson equation with self-consistent sources are deduced from the extended matrix KP hierarchy. The generalized dressing approach for solving the extended matrix KP hierarchy is proposed and some solutions are presented. The soliton solutions of two types of 2+1-dimensional AKNS equation with selfconsistent sources and two types of Davey-Stewartson equation with self-consistent sources are studied.

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HIV-1 latency is systematically modulated by host factors and viral proteins. In our work, we identified a critical role of host factor ubiquitin-like with PHD and RING finger domain 1 (UHRF1) in HIV-1 latency via the modulation of the viral protein Tat stability.