A new species Paracarophenax alternatus Xu and Zhang sp. nov. is described and illustrated based on phoretic females. The mites were found attached to the adult of Monochamus alternatus Hope (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) collected from traps set in Minhou county, Fuzhou city, Fujian province, China. The new species is the eighth representative of the genus and also the first record of the Paracarophenax associated with the host family Cerambycidae. An updated the key to species of Paracarophenax is provided.
In this study, we sequenced the first complete mitochondrial genome of Cryptalaus larvatus. The complete mitochondrial genome of C. larvatus was 15,876 bp with 29.80% GC containing 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA (tRNA), two ribosomal RNA (rRNA), as well as and an AT-rich region. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the C. larvatus, Pyrophprus divergens, Ignelater luminosus, Hapsodrilus ignifer, and Dicronychus cinereus were clustered together. This study provides important information for the identification of this species and the study of genetic evolution with other species of Elateridae.
Pine wilt disease (PWD), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, is an extremely threatening invasion forest disease throughout the world, especially in Asia. B. xylophilus is spread in Asia by vector beetles of Monochamus alternatus, which has long no effective control method. Understanding of landscape effects on the dispersal and outbreaks of forest pests is crucial to establishing effective ecological control strategies. Here, we analyzed the samples of M. alternatus collected at landscapes in order to estimate the effects of landscape types on the genetic structure and dispersal of M. alternatus. The landscapes included the geographical scales, forest types and land uses. The individuals of M. alternatus were genotyped by using whole-genome resequencing. Population genetic structures were clearly differentiated at the intermediate scale, suggesting the intermediate scale is an effective barrier against natural dispersal of M. alternatus. We used the least-coat distances, least-cost transect analysis, and distance-based redundancy analysis to estimate the effects of forest types and land uses within the fine scales. The results showed that the gene flow and genetic diversity were positively correlated with host and mixed forests, whereas negatively with non-host forests. Among land-use landscapes, the roads had the positive effect on gene flow and genetic diversity but farmland and urban uses had negative effects. This highlights that human-mediated transport via roads was likely to be the main factor leading to the long-distance invasion of M. alternatus, whereas non-host landscapes could suppress the spread of this species. These findings may be useful to control the PWD dispersed by M. alternatus.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.