In this article, the adsorption process of cadmium and copper using natural Jordanian (NJ) zeolite as adsorbent has been experimentally estimated. The samples of NJ zeolite were obtained from Al Mafraq discrete, north east of Jordan. The influence of the bulk concentration (C o), contact time (t) and different adsorbent masses (m) of NJ zeolite on the removal of heavy metal were evaluated. These variables had a considerable function in promoting the sorption process of heavy metal using the NJ zeolite. The initial concentration of heavy metals in the stock solution was extended between 80 and 600 mg/L. The batch adsorption method was employed to investigate the adsorption process. The experimental data were correlated using Freundlich and Langmuir empirical formula. The ability of NJ zeolite to eliminate cadmium and copper was estimated according to Langmuir isotherm empirical formula and found 25.9 and 14.3 mg/g for cadmium and copper, respectively. The kinetics of adsorption of cadmium and copper have been analyzed and correlated by first-order and second-order reaction model. It was noticed that adsorption of cadmium and copper was better correlated with pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The results presented that NJ zeolite is practical adsorbent for removing cadmium and copper ion metal.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

This study primarily focuses on comparative experimental analysis on standalone conventional solar still (CSS), inclined solar still (ISS), and integrated conventional and inclined solar still (CSS‐ISS) for different parameters that affect the freshwater yield. For enhancing the freshwater yield only a few studies are available on still‐still integration. The present novel study provides a greater improvement in improving the freshwater yield by integrating ISS with CSS. This experimental work mainly concentrates on the importance of water depth (d w) and mass flow rate of water ( m w) in the solar still. Water depth inside the conventional still varied from 0.02 to 0.06 m whereas, water is constantly flown with a mass flow rate of 8.33 kg/hour in an ISS with baffles. The experimental result shows that the accumulated freshwater yield from CSS‐ISS, ISS, and CSS were 6.2, 5.04, and 4.24 kg, respectively. CSS‐ISS and ISS produced 46.23% and 18.87% higher productivity than the CSS. From the experimental investigation, it is also identified that the water temperature is significantly improved by 20% using integration as compared with CSS without integration under the same water depth of d w =  0.02 m. The overall improvement in yield was higher in the case of CSS‐ISS. The deviations between experimental and theoretical values of yield from the conventional and modified solar still were in the range of ±7%.

This article investigates the performance of standalone solar Stirling dish system used to electrify rural houses. The yearly performance which depends on location is simulated using software developed by The National Renewable Energy Laboratory's SAM (Solar Advisor Model). Direct normal insolation, ambient temperature, density of air (altitude), sun elevation angle, and the wind speed are included in the simulation model. The model analyzes the performance of the parabolic mirror, receiver, Stirling engine, and the parasitic power consumption to predict the net power produced. The proposed model is validated against experimental data and found in very good agreement. The effect of major parameters such as; heater head temperature, receiver geometry, and cooling pump speed on the maximum power output and the corresponding overall efficiency are investigated. Simulations results indicate that the net global system efficiency is around 21% and can be improved by 3% at optimized condition. The annual energy output can be increased by 19% at optimal design conditions. Levelized cost of energy is around 0.115 kW/h which can be lowered by 0.013 kW/h at optimal design conditions. The yearly average receiver thermal losses are found to be 13 % of the total solar radiation entering the receiver and increases at early morning and late afternoon.

No abstract