Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) that utilizes endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) to kill cancer cells has shown a promising strategy for malignant tumor treatment. Nevertheless, limited H2O2 levels in the tumor microenvironment often compromise the therapeutic benefits of CDT, leading to cancer recurrence and metastasis. Herein, a second near-infrared (NIR-II) photothermal Fenton nanocatalyst (PFN) was developed for activatable magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided synergetic photothermal therapy (PTT) and CDT of pancreatic carcinoma. Such a PFN consists of manganese dioxide (MnO2), copper sulfide (CuS), and human serum albumin (HSA), which serve as the activatable imaging contrast agent, the NIR-II photothermal agent and Fenton catalyst, and the stabilizer, respectively. The acidic tumor microenvironment increased the relaxivity of PFN by 2.1-fold, allowing for improved imaging performance and monitoring of nanoparticle accumulation in tumors. Under NIR-II laser irradiation at 1064 nm, PFN generates local heat, which not only permits PTT but also enhances the nanocatalyst-mediated Fenton-like reaction. As such, PFN exerts a synergetic action to completely ablate xenografted tumor models in living animals, while the sole CDT fails to do so. This study thus provides an NIR-II photothermal nanocatalyst for potential treatment of deep-seated tumors.
The Patient Health Engagement Scale (PHE-s) was designed to assess the emotional and psychological attitudes of patients' engagement along their healthcare management journey. The aim of this study was to validate a culturally adapted Chinese version of the PHE-s (CPHE-s). Three hundred and seventy-seven participants were recruited from eight community health centers in a sample of patients with chronic disease in Hunan Province, China. The original Italian PHE-s was translated into Mandarin Chinese using a standardized forward–backward translation. The Rasch model was utilized and presented uni-dimensionality and good items fitness of the PHE-s. The internal consistency was 0.89 and the weighted Kappa coefficients of the items (test–retest reliability) ranged from 0.52 to 0.79. Both principal component analysis and confirmatory factor analysis supported a single-factor structure of the PHE-s. In testing the external validity, the PHE-s showed a significant moderate correlation with patient activation but not with medicine adherence behavior, which requires further exploration. The result suggested that the PHE-s is a reliable and valid instrument to assess the level of patient engagement in his or her own health management among chronic patients in China. Further analysis of reliability and validity should be assessed among other patient cohorts in China, and future directions for testing changes after patient engagement interventions should be developed by exploring some clinical relevance.
BackgroundDifferent water choices affect access to drinking water with different quality. Previous studies suggested social-economic status may affect the choice of domestic drinking water. The aim of this study is to investigate whether recent social economic changes in China affect residents’ drinking water choices.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey to investigate residents’ water consumption behaviour in 2011. Gender, age, education, personal income, housing condition, risk perception and personal preference of a certain type of water were selected as potential influential factors. Univariate and backward stepwise logistic regression analyses were performed to analyse the relation between these factors and different drinking water choices. Basic information was compared with that of a historical survey in the same place in 2001. Self-reported drinking-water-related diarrhoea was found correlated with different water choices and water hygiene treatment using chi-square test.ResultsThe percentage of tap water consumption remained relatively stable and a preferred choice, with 58.99% in 2001 and 58.25% in 2011. The percentage of bottled/barrelled water consumption was 36.86% in 2001 and decreased to 25.75% in 2011. That of household filtrated water was 4.15% in 2001 and increased to 16.00% in 2011. Logistic regression model showed strong correlation between one’s health belief and drinking water choices (P < 0.001). Age, personal income, education, housing condition, risk perception also played important roles (P < 0.05) in the models. Drinking-water-related diarrhoea was found in all types of water and improper water hygiene behaviours still existed among residents.ConclusionsPersonal health belief, housing condition, age, personal income, education, taste and if worm ever founded in tap water affected domestic drinking water choices in Shanghai.
Due to various uncontrollable factors (such as random faulty acquisition equipment and data distortion), urban traffic flow data inevitably suffers from some form of data loss. Finding an effective filling method to estimate the missing data is of great help to the study of transportation networks. Traffic flow during a day are likely to have its regular peak period and off-peak period. For most regions of the urban road network, normally there is a certain trend in the traffic flow data. In this paper, we propose a data imputation method that employs a tensor decomposition approach, which fully considers the characteristics of the traffic flow in both time and space. The proposed method is based on high order singular value decomposition with soft thresholding core. In this method, traffic data are divided into its main trend part and the residual part, which is called detrending. And tensor decomposition is performed on these two parts separately. For each part, dynamic rank method is used to adjust the rank of tensor decomposition. With the actual 214 anonymous road segments with 10 minutes interval data in Guangdong, China, the highway data with 15 minutes interval in Madrid, Spain, and the traffic flow data from PeMS with 5 minutes interval in California, USA. The results of the different models are discussed in the case of continuous data missing and random data missing by different time intervals. In addition, by comparing with other data imputation methods, our method can fill the missing data with better performance. INDEX TERMS Detrending, incomplete data filling, singular value decomposition, tensor decomposition. CHUANFEI GONG received the B.S. degree in computer science from Tongji University, Shanghai, China, in 2017, where he is currently pursuing the master' degree with the Key Laboratory of Embedded System and Service Computing, and the Department of Computer Science. His research interests include intelligent transportation systems and data mining.
Accumulating evidence demonstrates that cancer is an oxidative stress-related disease, and oxidative stress is closely linked with heat shock proteins (HSPs). Lipid oxidative stress is derived from lipid metabolism dysregulation that is closely associated with the development and progression of malignancies. This study sought to investigate regulatory roles of HSPs in fatty acid metabolism abnormality in ovarian cancer. Pathway network analysis of 5115 mitochondrial expressed proteins in ovarian cancer revealed various lipid metabolism pathway alterations, including fatty acid degradation, fatty acid metabolism, butanoate metabolism, and propanoate metabolism. HSP60 regulated the expressions of lipid metabolism proteins in these lipid metabolism pathways, including ADH5, ECHS1, EHHADH, HIBCH, SREBP1, ACC1, and ALDH2. Further, interfering HSP60 expression inhibited migration, proliferation, and cell cycle and induced apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells in vitro. In addition, mitochondrial phosphoproteomics and immunoprecipitation-western blot experiments identified and confirmed that phosphorylation occurred at residue Ser70 in protein HSP60, which might regulate protein folding of ALDH2 and ACADS in ovarian cancers. These findings clearly demonstrated that lipid metabolism abnormality occurred in oxidative stress-related ovarian cancer and that HSP60 and its phosphorylation might regulate this lipid metabolism abnormality in ovarian cancer. It opens a novel vision in the lipid metabolism reprogramming in human ovarian cancer.
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