Phenology, fl owering and fructifi cation were studied in 5 natural populations of Faidherbia albida in a semi-arid zone in Senegal. In this species, the infl orescence acts as the reproductive unit; the basal fl owers, opening fi rst, have a low rate of fertilisation; the maximum rate of fertilisation (65%) was obtained in the apical fl owers. Stigmatic receptivity, tested by esterasic reaction, was maximal immediately after anthesis. Stigmata of F. albida can bear simultaneously 2 or 3 polyads. Controlled pollination revealed that allogamy is the dominant reproductive system (ISI = 0.2) in natural populations of F. albida. Intra-specifi c variability in selfi ng (ISI ranging from 0 to 0.54) was also observed. Despite of the complete reproductive mechanism during fl owering, only a small number of ripe pods (1.25%) is produced, and an average of 70% of the ovules per carpel are fertilized.
Les mesures effectuées après 28 jours de culture ont montré que la nature de l'auxine utilisée pour induire la rhizogenèse a une influence significative aussi bien sur la fréquence de l'enracinement que sur la morphologie du système racinaire qui se met en place. Avec l'ANA les racines sont peu nombreuses (1 à 5 racines par bouture) et robustes et orthotropes (4,5 à 5 cm en moyenne) dans 80 % des cas et avec l'AIB, elles sont très nombreuses (10 à 15 racines par bouture) et fines et plagiotropes (3 à 3,7 cm) dans 68 % des cas.
Acacia tortilis raddiana / microbouture / auxine / induction / rhizogenèseAbstract -Transient auxin treatment for in vitro rooting of microcuttings of Acacia tortilis subsp. raddiana. An auxin in vitro pretreatment (IBA or NAA at 10 to 20 mg L -1 ) combined with a low concentration of Kinetin (0.01 mg L -1 ) during 10 or 20 days allowed to improve the rooting (number and root length) of Acacia tortilis raddiana microcuttings after transfer on Lloyd and Mc Cown medium (WPM) without hormone. After microcuttings transfer in expression medium, 56% are rooted and the rooting frequency can reach 80% after pretreatment with IBA at 10 mg L -1 . Measurements made after 28 days show that the auxin type used for inducing rhizogenesis has a significant effect, both on rooting percentage and rooting system morphology. For 80% of plantlets, the number of roots is low with NAA (1 to 5) but roots are strong and orthotropic (4.5 to 5 cm on average) when with IBA roots are numerous (10 to 15), but thin and plagiotropic (3 to 3.7 cm) for 68% of rooted plantlets.
Acacia tortilis raddiana / microcutting / auxin / induction / rhizogenesisAnn. For. Sci. 58 (2001) [431][432][433][434][435][436][437] 431
Transgenic Hibiscus sabdariffa plants have been produced by a tissue culture independent method using Agrobacterium tumefasciens transformation procedure. Embryo axes of mature seeds with one cotyledon excised were infected by immersion in a suspension of Agrobacterium LBA 4404 strain culture that carries pBal plasmid with β-glucuronidase p35SGUSINT and plant selectable marker Neomycin Phospho-Transferase gene (nptII). Following a 24 h co-cultivation with Agrobacterium strain and decontamination with cefotaxime, embryos were grown on soil rite containing MS medium added with a killer concentration of kanamycin (100 µg/ml) during 4 weeks at room conditions and thereafter transferred to greenhouse. 54.3% of the seedlings grew well on the selective medium; 68% of the explants excised from putative transformed plants were found to be GUS positive. After 60 days evaluation point, the assessment of the transformation by PCR revealed that H. sabdariffa line tested, carried the nptII gene.
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