During the phase of the Base Station (BS) deployment, the BS placement, as an essential issue in achieving seamless coverage of the existing, even the future version of cellular networks, should be attached extensive attention. The ignorance of the geometric distribution of the candidate sites results in negative impact on the performance of traditional meta-heuristic algorithms related to the base station placement problem. A novel geometry-induced genetic algorithm is proposed as an efficient solution to the problem based on both the local coverage evaluation and the local geometric site pattern reservation. The deployment region is divided into sub-regions and the site assignment in the sub-regions is encoded to geometry-aware chromosome segment, which reflects the geometric correlation among the BSs. In the crossover operation, the segments of the chromosomes, while representing the sites inside a sub-region, are exchanged as a whole. In the mutation operation, the overall coverage performance witnesses improvement with the gradual decoration of the poor sub-regions. The experiments for both the ideal disk coverage model and the real radio signal coverage model are executed. The results prove the validity and the efficiency of the proposed algorithms. INDEX TERMS Wireless cellular networks, base station placement problem, coverage, geometry-induced, genetic algorithm.
Wireless cellular communications lead to huge demands for estimating and visualizing the data about Quality of Service (QoS) for mobile network operators in the 5th Generation (5G) networks. Constructing a coverage map is an important step to visualize global information about QoS. Inspired by the characteristic of the base station, we present an adaptive triangulation method to divide the region of interest into triangles. Then, we propose a novel area-wise Multi-criteria Triangulation-induced Interpolation (MTI) algorithm which utilizes the linear interpolation to estimate the key performance indicators of the QoS inside a triangle with the known values of its three vertexes, to construct the coverage maps and provide the closedform solution of the covered region for the multi-criteria problems. We check the accuracy and the efficiency of the MTI algorithm both in 19-cells network scenario and in real big city scenario. The experiment results manifest that the MTI algorithm shows a good performance in constructing the coverage maps and it is significantly lower-cost and higher-efficiency than the traditional point-wise algorithms. INDEX TERMS Wireless cellular communication, coverage map, triangulation method, linear interpolation.
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