Nanochannels hold great prospects in intelligent systems;
however,
current research focuses on the inner space of the nanochannel while
the outer surface is rarely explored. Here, we report on a cooperation
mode of the outer surface and inner space of the nanochannel using
an integrated nanochannel-electrode (INCE) and its application as
a separation–detection system for rapid and facile detection
of foodborne bacteria. Unlike conventional nanochannel systems, the
INCE integrates two electrodes as a sensitive electrochemical interface
and the nanochannel itself as nanofilter, generating a novel separation–detection
system. The system is examined in a biosensing strategy based on magnetic
nanoparticles (MNPs). Salmonella typhimurium (St) is taken as the target due to its severe threat to human
health and food safety. By electrochemically probing the MNPs–St complex themselves on the surface of INCE, this method
eliminates the requirement on additional signal labels. The biosensor
presents a linear detection range from 102 to 107 CFU mL–1 and a limit of detection of 50 CFU mL–1, being comparable or even better than those of analogues
with complicated signal amplification designs. Moreover, the biosensor
exhibits good specificity against four types of interfering bacteria.
This concept may bring new insight into the development of nanochannel
research and contribute a new way to the fields of separation and
detection.
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