Objective:A prospective prevalence study of primary headache disorders in school going children (8–18 years) in Srinagar district of Kashmir valley was conducted.Materials and Methods:The study population comprised of a randomized sample of 5000 school going children in the age group of 8–18 years from various educational institutions of Srinagar city. A self-administered pretested questionnaire was filled by the participants and the diagnosis established by following the International Headache Society criteria (IHS) 2004.Results:The overall prevalence of primary headache disorders was found to be 664/1000. The prevalence of tension-type headache and migraine was found to be 50.99% and 26.98%, respectively. The prevalence revealed an upward trend with increasing age with preponderance for female sex.
Myeloma is a disease of neoplastic plasma cells that synthesize an abnormal amount of immunoglobulins (Igs) or Ig fragments. Multiple myeloma is associated with many complications such as impaired hematopoiesis resulting in anemia and other cytopenias, osteolytic bone lesions, hypercalcemia, and renal dysfunction. However, myelomatous pleural effusion is a rare complication of multiple myeloma, particularly at initial presentation. Herein, we report such a rare complication of myelomatous pleural effusion as initial presentation in a 65-year-old female with IgG type of myeloma.
Hypoglycemia and hypoglycemic unawareness is usually a complication of tight glycemic control in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of hypoglycemic unawareness subsequent to cardiac failure induced hypoglycemia of prolonged duration. Through this case report, we aimed to highlight that hypoglycemia should be suspected as a cause of decreased level of consciousness in patients suffering from recurrent congestive cardiac failure , as it can be easily overlooked and the condition can easily be reversed by simply administering adequate glucose.
Indirect inguinal hernia is a common congenital abnormality in children. In female infants, herniation of the ovaries, fallopian tubes and uterus has been reported. Herniation of the ovaries is a rare congenital condition that may be complicated by strangulation, torsion, and infertility. A 6-week-old female infant presented with visible swelling in the right inguinal region. This case highlights the utility of ultrasonography as a cheap and easily available imaging technique that can be used for the characterization of the hernial contents, and guide the management, further accentuated by the use of color Doppler imaging, of this subtle but crucial entity.
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