En la Unidad Científico Tecnológica de Base Los Palacios, Cuba, a 22° 34’ 32.73’’ N y 83° 14’ 11.95’’ O, se evaluó el efecto de la inundación sobre la colonización de hongos micorrízicos ar-busculares durante la fase vegetativa de plantas de arroz cultivar INCA LP-5. Se realizaron dos experimentos en condiciones de invernadero en macetas con una capacidad de 800 g de suelo, ambos experimentos en un diseño experimental completamente aleatorizado. Uno de ellos se realizó con Rhizophagus (=Glomus) intraradices (Ri), donde se evaluó la dinámica de colonización de la simbiosis micorrízica en condiciones de inundación y secano (no inundadas). En el segun-do experimento se trabajó con Glomus cubense (Gcb) y se evaluó la colonización micorrízica en plantas de arroz cultivadas con diferentes alturas de lámina de agua. En ambos experimentos se evaluaron altura de la planta, producción de masa seca y tasa absoluta de crecimiento. Co-mo resultado se encontró que las plantas de arroz fueron colonizadas a partir del día 35 después de la germinación, tanto en condiciones inundadas como no inundadas, con una tendencia al incremento en el tiempo. Se comprobó que la colonización micorrízica disminuyó en condiciones de inundación y a medida que la altura de la lámina de agua fue superior se encontraron valo-res inferiores de este indicador. La colonización micorrízica incrementó el desarrollo de las plan-tas de arroz<div id="__if72ru4sdfsdfrkjahiuyi_once" style="display: none;"> </div><div id="__zsc_once"> </div><div id="__if72ru4sdfsdfruh7fewui_once" style="display: none;"> </div><div id="__hggasdgjhsagd_once" style="display: none;"> </div>
Introduction. The water deficit negatively affects rice plants and limits their productivity. Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis has been shown to improve rice productivity in drought conditions. Objective. To propose a new categorization for the state of water stress of rice plants inoculated (AM) or not with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (nonAM) and exposed to water deficit (D) during the vegetative phase. Materials and methods. The experiment was carried out under controlled greenhouse conditions during the years 2009 and 2010 at the Zaidín Experimental Station, Granada, Spain. The rice transplantation was carried out fourteen days after germination to pots with a 5 cm water sheet and at 30, 40, or 50 days after transplantation (DAT) they were subjected to water deficit during a period of 15 days, at which time the water sheet was restored. The control treatment was maintained throughout the cycle under flood conditions (ww). Evaluations were performed at 45, 55, 65 DAT and after recovery at 122 DAT. The harvest was carried out at 147 DAT. Results. The reduction in water supply demonstrated water stress in the plants, manifested by the decrease in the water potential of the leaves. Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis always favored the water status of the plant. Four categories of water status of plants were proposed taking into account water potentials and agricultural yield: no stress (≥-0.67 MPa); light stress (<-0.67 to -1.20 MPa); moderate stress (<-1.20 to -1.60 MPa), and severe stress (<-1.60 MPa). Conclusion. The categorization of stress due to the water deficit is a tool of high scientific value for the specific case of rice, since this plant has the capacity to adapt to tolerate the presence of a sheet of water throughout its biological cycle and is highly susceptible to water deficit.
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