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Studies on antibiotic residues content in food of animal origin are currently needed to support veterinary public health programs. The present study was described bioassay method for the detection of antibiotic residues in chicken meat and eggs from traditional market at Yogyakarta City. A number of twenty-four chicken meat samples and 24 egg samples were taken from 8 traditional markets in Yogyakarta city. Samples were examined at Centre for Veterinary Wates, Yogyakarta, Indonesia using bioassay method for screening detection of penicillin, aminoglycoside, macrolide and tetracycline residues. This bioassay method using some bacteria, such as Bacillus stearothermophillus, B. cereus, B. subtilis, and Kocuria rizophila. A percentage of the results showed that 8.33% (2/24) samples of chickens tested positively contained the oxytetracycline antibiotic residues. Meanwhile, as much as 75% (18/24) samples of positive eggs contain penicillin antibiotic residues, positive residues of aminoglycoside amounted to 12.5% (3/24) and the positive residues of oxytetracycline also amounted to 12.5% (3/24).

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ABSTRAKSapi perah merupakan hewan ruminansia yang menghasilkan susu untuk konsumsi sehari hari masyarakat Indonesia karena mengandung sumber kalsium yang baik bagi tubuh. Namun, saat ini kendala yang dihadapi oleh peternak adalah menurunnya produksi susu sapi perah sehingga menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi yang cukup besar. Salah satu penyakit yang menyebabkan penurunan produksi susu pada sapi perah adalah Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD). Bovine Viral Diarrhea telah menyebar di seluruh dunia termasuk di Indonesia. Pemerintah Indonesia belum menetapkan kebijakan vaksinasi BVD. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui seroprevalensi dan faktor resiko mengenai infeksi Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) di tingkat peternak di Kabupaten Sleman Yogyakarta. Metode penelitian ini adalah dengan melakukan wawancara terhadap peternak melalui kuesioner dan metode sampling yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah teknik sampling tahapan ganda serta dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 96 peternak terpilih yang memiliki sapi perah dan dilakukan pengujian Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) dengan metode Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) antibodi. Berdasarkan analisis univariat, diperoleh seroprevalensi penyakit BVD pada sapi perah sebesar 56,25%. Berdasarkan analisis bivariate, hasil yang diperoleh adalah tidak terdapat hubungan antara variabel yang diuji dengan adanya penyakit BVD pada sapi perah di Kabupaten Sleman, yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai p_value > 0.05. ABSTRACTDairy cows are ruminant animals that produce milk for the daily consumption of the Indonesian people because they contain good sources of calcium for the body. However, currently the constraints faced by farmers are the decrease in dairy cow milk production which causes considerable economic losses. One of the diseases that causes a decrease in milk production in dairy cows is Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD). Bovine Diarrhea Viral has spread throughout the world including in Indonesia. The Indonesian government has not yet established a BVD vaccination policy. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of categorical variables regarding Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) infection at the farm in Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta. This research method is to interview farmers through questionnaires and the sampling method used in this study is a double stage sampling technique and analyzed descriptively. The sample of this study were 96 selected breeders who had dairy cows and were tested for Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) antibodies. The results of univariate analysis is seroprevalence of BVD in dairy cows 56,25%. The results of bivariate analysis is no correlation between variables and BVD disease in dairy cows in Sleman Subdistrict. The results show that p_value > 0.05.

Most of the local populations in Indonesia, especially in Sleman, Yogyakarta and Tulungagung, East Java consume cow milk. Cow milk is more widely consumed than that of horse or goat because of the people  habit and the raw milk is more easily found in the market. The majority of people consume milk without knowing the number of bacteria contained and neither the presence nor absence of harmful bacteria in the milk consumed. This study aimed to identify the total number of bacteria in several dairy cooperatives in Sleman, Yogyakarta and Tulungagung, East Java. Milk samples were taken from two tanks in Koperasi Sarono Makmur (KSM), three tanks (were taken four times, once a week) in Koperasi Warga Mulya (KWM) Sleman, Yogyakarta, and two tanks (twice in the morning and once in the evening) in Koperasi Unit Tani Ternak (KUTT) Tulungagung, East Java. Milk from each tank were taken 500 mL and put into the cooler that was given ice cubes. Then the samples to be tested for total bacteria from each tank with plate count agar medium. The number of samples was 19. Milk samples were statistically analyzed with one way ANOVA. The results showed that the total number of bacteria of milk of KSM is 1.0 x 106 CFU/mL, KWM 3.6 x 106 CFU/mL, whereas cow's milk KUTT 4.0 x 106 CFU/mL. The average total number of bacteria of KWM and KUTT exceeds the requirements of the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 01-3141-1998 (1,0 x 106 CFU/mL).