Development, is the process of producing or creating something new or more advanced; a new or advanced product-according to the Oxford learners' dictionary. Development has spread to different parts of the world, though its scale varies with each country."One of the fundamental prerequisites of the achievement of sustainable development", says Chapter 23 of Agenda 21 (the programmatic declaration emerging from the 1992 Rio de Janeiro UN Conference on Environment and Development), "is broad public participation in decision-making." (Economic Commission for Africa, 2004) Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)EIA was first formally developed as part of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) of 1969 in the United States for considering possible impacts prior to a decision being taken on whether or not a proposal should be given approval to proceed. It consequently now has become a
Limnology is the study of hydrology that studies inland water (running and standing water, fresh and saline water), including their biological, physical, chemical, geological and hydrological aspects. This includes study of lake, pond, rivers, streams, wetland and ground water. Limnology: An interdisciplinary science with multifarious dimensions has emerged which deals with the study of structural and functional attributes of the lentic fresh water environment and problems associated with them. The term limnology coined by Franco sis-Alphonse Forel (1841-1912) who established field with his studies of lake Geneva.(A.D. Adoni, 1985). Streams, rivers, wetlands and lakes are home for many small animals called macro invertebrates. These animals generally include insects, crustaceans, mollusks, arachnids and annelids. The term "macro invertebrates" describe those animals that have no back bone and can be seen with naked eyes. Invertebrates that are retained on a 0.25mm mesh net are generally referred to as macro invertebrates. Many are found
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