Recently, 5‐amino‐1H‐tetrazole is developed for practical use as a substitute for sodium azide, which is conventionally used as a fuel component of gas generating agents for automobile airbags. In this study, the combustion mechanisms of the mixtures 5‐amino‐1H‐tetrazole/potassium nitrate and 5‐amino‐1H‐tetrazole/sodium nitrate have been examined. It has been found that the Granular Diffusion Flame model is applicable to the tested samples even when a molten layer exists at the burning surface. In addition, it is shown that within the pressure range of 1–5 MPa, the greatest factor which affects the burning rate is the diffusion process. It is also demonstrated that the fuel component decomposes first, and the oxidizer decomposes next. Meanwhile, it has also been confirmed that the burning rate increases with an increase in pressure because the flame approaches the burning surface and the amount of heat transfer to the solid phase increases. In spite of a decrease in the amount of heat transfer from the gas phase to the solid phase and an increase in the thickness of the condensed phase reaction zone for a mixture with higher fuel content, there are little differences in the burning rates probably because of an increase in the rate of decomposition of the solid phase.
Ammonium nitrate has been attracting attention over the years as an oxidizer for clean gas-generating agents. Aminoguanidinium 5,5 0 -azobis-1H-tetrazolate was mixed with ammonium nitrate to improve its burning performance and the burning behavior of the formulations was studied by measuring the linear burning rate. The effects of particle size and composition ratio on the burning rate were studied. It was found that the mixture containing 50% ammonium nitrate by weight was the most promising composition. The particle sizes of fuel and oxidizer do not influence the burning rate.
In this study, the kinetics of the thermal decomposition of aminoguanidinium 5,5′‐azobis‐1H‐tetrazolate (AGAT), which is one of the promising fuel candidates of the new gas generating agents for airbags, was investigated. The kinetic model that fits the main decomposition of AGAT was examined, and the activation energy was obtained. The main decomposition of AGAT was a single elementary process according to the result of mass spectrometry. The recommended kinetic model for the main decomposition of AGAT is Avrami–Erofeev equation (n=4). The activation energies for the main decomposition obtained under helium by non‐isothermal analysis and isothermal analysis were 207 and 209 kJ mol−1, respectively.
The combustion characteristics of aminoguanidinium 5,5 0 -azobis-1H-tetrazolate (AGAT)=ammonium nitrate (AN)-based gas generating agents were studied by using a temperature-controlled chimney-type strand burner. Controlling the initial temperature at 243, 298, or 343 K, the mass burning rates of AGAT=AN ¼ 50=50 were measured and the temperature sensitivities were deduced. The effects of CuO and MnO 2 on temperature sensitivity were studied. The temperature sensitivity equation as a function of pressure and initial temperature was also determined.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.