Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been identified as an etiologic factor of head and neck cancers (HNCs). We explored the potential use of antisense HPV RNA transcripts for gene therapy and its effect in combination with cisplatin (CDDP) for HPV-positive HNCs. We introduced the antisense RNA transcripts of the E6 and E7 genes of HPV type 16 into UM-SCC-47 cells harboring HPV 16 and YCU-T892 cells that were HPV-negative using a recombinant adenoviral vector, Ad-E6/E7-AS. We then analyzed the effects of the introduction of Ad-E7-AS on cell and tumor growth and the synergistic effect with CDDP in vitro and in vivo. After infection of Ad-E6/E7-AS, the cellular growth of UM-SCC-47 cells were suppressed, but not that of YCU-T892 cells. E7 protein expression was suppressed, and p53 and pRb protein expression increased after infection of Ad-E7-AS. Cell growth and tumorigenicity were greatly suppressed in combination with CDDP compared with Ad-E7-AS or CDDP treatment alone in vitro. Ad-E7-AS combined with CDDP treatment significantly reduced the volumes of established subcutaneous tumors. Transfection with HPV 16 E7 antisense RNA combined with CDDP treatment might be a potentially useful approach to the therapy of HPV 16-positive HNC.
Although an SFT is generally benign, recurrence can occur even after several years, therefore, careful long-term follow-up is essential for early detection. A combined transcervical and midline posterior approach proved useful for resection of the atlas body.
Background
In 2008, Kano developed a new laryngeal closure technique (Kano's method) for the treatment of severe aspiration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of this technique in patients with head and neck cancer.
Methods
Since June 2014 until March 2018, six patients underwent Kano's method for management of severe aspiration after the treatment of head and neck cancers. The anterior parts of the thyroid and the cricoid cartilages were excised widely. The glottis was closed by suturing bilateral vocal folds and reinforced by the sternohyoid muscle. A tracheostoma was created with skin flaps, subglottic mucosal flaps, and stumps of cricoid and trachea cartilages.
Results
No severe complications were observed after the surgery. Oral intake improved without developing aspiration.
Conclusions
Kano's method can provide satisfactory functional results with minimal invasion for treating severe aspiration after advanced surgery, chemotherapy, and/or chemoradiotherapy, in patients with head and neck cancer.
Level of Evidence
4
We reviewed the preoperative computed-tomographic(CT)and audiological findings in patients who underwent initial stapes surgery at our hospital. The CT findings and the preoperative as well as postoperative audiological findings of 103 ears obtained from 87 patients were analyzed. The CT findings were classified into four groups : a group with no defect(no-defect group ; 33 ears) , a group with a defect in the anterior oval window(oval-window group ; 33 ears) , a 124-1600 2021 中田・他=耳硬化症の CT と聴力 group with a defect in the anterior wall of the internal auditory canal(internal auditory canal group ; 26 ears) , and a group with a defect in the pericochlear region(pericochlear-region group ; 11 ears) . There were no differences in the age, sex, surgical procedure performed, or length of the fluoroplastic piston used among the four groups. Air-conduction thresholds at 2,000Hz and 4,000Hz improved significantly after the surgery in the no-defect, oval-window and internal auditory canal groups, but not in pericochlear-region group (2,000Hz ; p=0.074, 4,000Hz ; p=0.765) . On comparison of the preoperative air-conduction thresholds, preoperative bone-conduction thresholds, and postoperative air-conduction thresholds between two groups, significant differences were found in the postoperative air-conduction thresholds at 4,000 Hz between the no-defect and pericochlear-region groups(p=0.017) , between the oval-window and pericochlear-region groups(p=0.007) , and between the internal auditory canal and pericochlear-region groups(p=0.012) . The results indicated that it may be difficult to obtain improvement of the air-conduction thresholds at 4,000Hz by stapes surgery in patients with defects in the pericochlear region.
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