We compared antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of 206 group B streptococcal (GBS) strains isolated from pregnant women and six from neonates/infants with invasive infection during the two periods 1985-1986 and 1999-2000. All strains in both periods were susceptible to the penicillins, cephalosporins and carbapenem tested. Seven (3%) isolates were resistant to erythromycin and three (1%) were resistant to clindamycin. There were no significant differences between the two study periods in the incidence of GBS resistant to the 14 antibiotics tested. These results showed that penicillins are still the first choice to prevent vertical transmission of GBS in Japan.
Campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus rarely causes cellulitis associated with bacteremia in debilitated hosts. We have identified this infection in two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and in one with liver cirrhosis. All three patients had eaten raw beef, liver, or improperly cooked pork before the manifestations of the illness. C. fetus subspecies fetus was recovered from blood and feces from the three patients. This organism was also isolated from a subcutaneous aspirate of the cellulitis lesion in one patient. DNA macrorestriction endonuclease profiles analyzed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis differed for the isolates from the three patients but were identical for the blood and fecal isolates or the aspirate and fecal isolates from each patient. These findings suggest that cellulitis associated with bacteremia arises from ingestion of C. fetus subspecies fetus organisms and that clinicians and microbiologists should be aware of this infection in debilitated hosts.Campylobacter bacteria are motile, non-spore-forming,In this article, we describe cases of C. fetus subspecies fetus cellulitis associated with bacteremia in two patients with syscomma-shaped gram-negative rods [1]. They are commonly found as commensals of the gastrointestinal tracts of wild or temic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and in one patient with liver cirrhosis. Furthermore, we assess the usefulness of DNA macdomestic cattle, sheep, goats, swine, dogs, cats, and fowl [1]. Among members of the genus Campylobacter, Campylobacter rorestriction endonuclease analysis with use of pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) as a typing method for the clinical jejuni, and Campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus are commonly encountered as human pathogens. In contrast to C. jejuni, isolates recovered from various samples from the patients and discuss the infection route of the systemic illness caused by C. fetus subspecies fetus less frequently causes intestinal infections [1 -4]. The clinical presentations of C. fetus subspecies C. fetus subspecies fetus. fetus infections are characterized by systemic illness with bacteremia, meningitis, vascular infections, and abscesses in debilitated hosts; however, cellulitis associated with bacteremia is Case Reports rare [5 -11]. Information on the transmission or infection route Case 1. A 24-year-old woman with SLE was admitted to of C. fetus subspecies fetus remains unclear because of the Meijyo Hospital (Nagoya, Japan) on 11 January 1995. She had fastidious character of this organism and the lack of a reliable been treated with oral prednisone and cimetidine. Five days typing method for discriminating isolates of this species. before admission, she had eaten raw beef. She complained of severe pain with swelling and redness 1 day after a minor blunt trauma from a bed on the right leg without a break in the skin. See editorial response by Blaser on pages 256 -8.At the time of admission, the following values were revealed: temperature, 38.5ЊC; WBC count, 11,800/mm 3 ; C-reactive protein level, 6.3 mg/dL; an...
SUMMARY: Group B streptococcus (GBS; Streptococcus agalactiae) is a leading cause of neonatal invasive infections, and until recently, it was thought to be completely susceptible to penicillin. However, we recently identified several clinical GBS isolates with reduced penicillin susceptibility (PRGBS) whose minimum inhibitory concentrations of penicillin were À0.12 mg/ml, which is above the susceptibility breakpoint set by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. These PRGBS were isolated between 1995 and 2005 in Japan; whether these PRGBS existed in Japan before 1995 is unknown. In the study described here, we screened for PRGBS among 349 clinical GBS isolates obtained in Japan between 1977 and 2005 using the previously developed disk diffusion method for the detection of PRGBS. With this method, we selected 6 PRGBS candidates and confirmed that 1 isolate was PRGBS, using agar dilution method, including oxacillin, ceftizoxime, and penicillin-binding protein 2X (PBP2X) gene sequencing analysis. This isolate was obtained from sputum in 2005, and we could not detect PRGBS isolates before 1995 in this investigation.
Serological typing of group B streptococci is important for the epidemiological study of group B streptococcal infections. These days, non typable (NT) strains by conventional serotypes were on an increase. In 1984, strain "M9" was isolated from a pregnant woman in Meijo Hospital, Nagoya City; herein the antigenicity and prevalence of strains typed as "M9" were investigated and discussed. The results obtained were as follows: 1) It was confirmed that strain "M9" had a new polysaccharide antigen, different from conventional types, Ia, Ib, II, III, IV and V, type candidate NT6 and type candidate 7271, as found by precipitation and precipitation absorption reaction. This procedure, moreover, was useful for differentiation type candidate NT6 and 7271 from "M9" because of their provisionality. 2) Group B streptococci typed as "M9" were isolated not only from carriers but from patients who were newborn babies and suffered from sepsis. 3) Strain "M9" was not necessarily located in Nagoya City but in Chiba and in Kyoto, this type was isolated from clinical materials already in 1979. 4) It was observed that polysaccharide "M9" liked to combine with protein "R" and without other proteins, as our collection extends.
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