To establish a histopathological scoring system for changes in subchondral bone in murine models of knee osteoarthritis (OA), three key parameters, subchondral bone plate (Subcho.BP) consisting of the combination of Subcho.BP.thickness (Subcho.BP.Th) and angiogenesis, bone volume (BV/TV) and osteophytes, were selected. The new grading system was tested in two mouse OA models, (1) senescence accelerated mouse (SAM)-prone 8 (SAMP8) as spontaneous OA model with SAM-resistant 1 (SAMR1) as control; (2) destabilization of the medial meniscus in C57BL/6 mice as surgical OA model. Results of the spontaneous OA model showed that Subcho.BP.Th was significantly wider, angiogenesis was greater, and BV/TV was higher in SAMP8 than SAMR1. Notably, subchondral bone score was dramatically higher in SAMP8 at 6 weeks than SAMR1, while OARSI cartilage scores became higher only at 14 weeks. In the surgical OA model, the results were similar to the spontaneous OA model, but osteophytes appeared earlier. There were strong correlations both in Subcho.BP.Th and BV/TV between this scoring system and µCT (r = 0.89, 0.84, respectively). Inter-rater reliabilities for each parameter using this system were more than 0.943. We conclude that this new histopathological scoring system is readily applicable for evaluating the early changes in aging and OA-affected murine subchondral bone.
Background: Retrograde drilling (RD) is generally used for treating osteochondral lesion of the talus (OLT) with a stable osteochondral fragment and nearly normal articular cartilage surface. Previous studies that included participants of various ages have reported good clinical results. This study aimed to clarify the clinical outcomes of RD for OLT in juvenile patients whose bone-forming ability and physical activity might affect the healing process. Methods: This retrospective study included 8 juvenile patients who underwent RD for OLT (5 boys and 3 girls, mean age 14.9 years, mean follow-up 2 years, 7 medial and 1 central lesion). American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score and ankle activity score were evaluated, and arthroscopic findings were graded according to the International Cartilage Research Society (ICRS) classification system. The condition of the underlying bone was assessed on preoperative computed tomographic images. The stability, incorporation, and subsidence of the osteochondral fragment, articular surface congruity, and the area of the bone marrow lesion (BML) were evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results: AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score and ankle activity score significantly improved postoperatively. Arthroscopically, the lesions were classified as ICRS grade 0 or 1. Bone sclerosis or multiple small cysts of the underlying bone were observed in all patients. MRI demonstrated no signs of osteochondral fragment instability or subsidence, good or fair fragment incorporation, good articular surface congruity, or slight irregularity. The postoperative BML was reduced; however, these BMLs were still detectable at 1 year after surgery. Conclusion: Our data suggested that RD is an option for treating juvenile patients with OLT refractory to nonoperative treatment at short-term follow-up. Although bone sclerosis or multiple small cysts were identified in the underlying bone preoperatively and the BML under the osteochondral fragment remained postoperatively, clinical status such as pain and physical activity level were improved by RD. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.
W e have studied whether the state of the articular cartilage at the time of rotational acetabular osteotomy for dysplasia of the hip affects the outcome 2 to 5.5 years after surgery. Arthroscopy in 57 patients (59 joints) at the time of the operation showed grade-0 changes in seven, grade-1 in nine, grade-2 in 17, grade-3 in 14 and grade-4 in 12 joints, according to the classification of Outerbridge. There was radiological evidence of the progression of arthritis in four joints which were classified at arthroscopy as grade 4. Stepwise regression analysis showed that damage to acetabular or femoral articular cartilage significantly affected the progression of arthritis. We conclude that the short-term results of successful rotational acetabular osteotomy for dysplasia are affected by the state of the articular cartilage. Periacetabular osteotomies for osteoarthritis (OA) secondary to hip dysplasia have theoretical advantages over other pelvic procedures such as the Chiari osteotomy, 1 because they alter the position of the acetabulum en bloc allowing cover of the femoral head by cartilage. 2-6 These procedures have produced satisfactory long-and medium-term results for early OA secondary to dysplasia of the hip. 6,7 When progression of the degenerative changes has been seen, the presence of preoperative OA has been cited as the cause. Arthroscopic observations of the articular cartilage in early OA of the hip, however, vary widely. 8 Our aim was to determine how the state of the articular cartilage affects the outcome of rotational acetabular osteotomy carried out for dysplasia of the hip. Patients and Methods Of 62 patients (65 joints) who underwent rotational acet-abular osteotomy (RAO) 5 between 1994 and 1998, we studied 57 (59 joints) who also had an arthroscopy during the operation. There were 55 women (57 joints) and two men (2 joints) with a mean age at the time of surgery of 37.5 years (12 to 57). OA of the hip was classified into four stages according to the radiological appearance: 1) prearthritis, no osteoarthritic change; 2) early, with slight narrowing of the joint space associated with sclerosis of the subchondral bone; 3) advanced, with narrowing of the joint space, cystic lucen-cies and small osteophytes; and 4) end stage, with disappearance of the joint space and marked formation of osteophytes. Ten joints had prearthritis and 35 were in the early stage and 14 in the advanced stage. The mean follow-up was for 3 years and 2 months (2 to 6.5 years). The indications for RAO were acetabular dysplasia, characterised radiologically by a centre-edge (CE) angle of less than 20° and pain severe enough to interfere with normal activities. 9 Patients with improvement in cover of the femoral head and joint congruency on an antero-posterior (AP) plain radiograph in abduction, were considered to be suitable for surgery. RAO was carried out using the technique of Ninomiya and Tagawa 5 with one modification in that the rotated acetabulum was fixed by two poly-L-lactic acid screws (Gunze, Kyoto, Japan) instead o...
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.